缺铁性贫血婴幼儿智能行为发育研究

目的 探讨缺铁性贫血对婴幼儿智能行为发育的影响。方法 对264名儿童进行0－36个月的生长发育纵向监测，定期对其智力发育指数（MDI）、精神运动发育指数（PDI）以及行为进行测试，根据2岁时有无缺铁性贫血分为两组：①贫血组（96名），②非贫血组（168名），建立数据库，用SPSS软件进行统计学分析。结果 2岁时贫血组MDI、PDI均低于对照组，且这种改变在2．5岁贫血完全被纠正时仍未安全消除；2岁缺铁性贫血患儿血红蛋白水平与其MDI和PDI分值呈正相关；缺铁性贫血组儿童2－3岁期间行为问题发生率明显高于对照组，突出表现在社交退缩和躯体诉述两个行为因子上。结论 缺铁性贫血对婴幼儿智能行为发育均产生重要影响，鉴于对智能发育的不利影响是长期的，积极防治婴幼儿期缺铁性贫血对于保证儿童正常生长发育具有重要意义。

Mental development ofinfants with iron deficiency anemia

Objective To study the effects of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) on mental development of infants. Methods 264 children were chosen. Their growth and development were longitudinally observed from birth to 36 months of age. A series of indexes were periodically measured and evaluated , which include MDI, PDI, behavior problems,and so on. All subjects were divided into two groups according to hemoglobin values at two years of age: (1) IDA infants or test group (2)non IDA infants or control group. The statistical analyses were performed with SPSS software. Results Both MDI and PDI are lower in test group than in control group at 2 years of age. Moreover, these changes are not altered until two and a half years of age when anemia have been corrected. In addition, there is a positive correlation between Hb levels and MDI or PDI scores. In behaviors, behavior problems are more prevalent in test group than in control group. The outstanding problem is that social withdrawal and somatic problems have high incidence. Conclusion IDA have important effects on mental development of children. Because of the permanent harm to mental development, prevention and treatment of IDA are important in order to assure the normal growth and development.