全球领导人共识营养不良诊断标准在临床实践中的实施方法与应用

营养不良是全球性的问题。随着疾病谱的改变，人们关注到除摄入不足、吸收障碍外，疾病相关的营养不良的重要性。2018年达成的全球领导人共识营养不良诊断标准(GLIM)，旨在对成年病人进行营养不良评定及严重程度分级，及早营养支持治疗可以降低30 d全因死亡率、入重症监护室概率及再住院率以及远期并发症。鉴于各系统疾病的差异，在实施GLIM标准第一步时营养风险筛查并无统一筛查工具，各筛查工具及评估方法的适用性不同，且在GLIM标准下不同组合的临床效用也不同。该综述旨在探讨GLIM标准下各筛查工具及评定方法在诊断营养不良的适用情况以及GLIM标准在临床实践中的有效性，为临床诊断营养不良提供便捷。

Implement menthod and application of the GLIM criteria for diagnosis of malnutrition in clinical practice

Malnutrition is a global problem. As the disease spectrum changes, attention is drawn to the importance of disease-related malnutrition in addition to inadequate intake and malabsorption. The global leadership initiative on malnutrition (GLIM) in 2018, aimsto diagnose and grade the severity of malnutrition in adult patients. Early nutritional support can reduce 30 -day all-cause mortality, ad-mission to intensive care unit, readmission rate and long-term complications. In view of the differences in various system diseases, thereis no uniform screening tool for nutritional risk screening in the first step of implementing GLIM criteria. Meanwhile, the applicabilityof each screening tool and evaluation method is different, and the clinical utility of different combinations by GLIM criteria is also dif-ferent. The purpose of this review aims to explore the application of screening tools and evaluation methods in the diagnosis of malnutri-tion, and the effectiveness of GLIM standard in clinical practice, so as to provide convenience for clinical diagnosis of malnutrition.