江阴市居民膳食中碘摄入量和碘缺乏病调查结果分析

目的分析江阴市居民膳食中碘摄入情况,为碘缺乏病防治提供依据。方法对1995-2011年期间全市相关的盐碘、儿童尿碘含量、儿童甲状腺肿等监测资料进行分析,并利用居民膳食结构计算膳食中碘的摄入量。结果江阴市膳食中的碘主要来源于加碘盐,贡献率达79.38%;儿童和成人膳食中碘摄入量分别为174.67μg/d和353.69μg/d,二者均在中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量的范围之内;儿童尿碘达标率由1995年的77.1%升至2008年的91.7%(χ2=10.94,P<0.005);儿童甲状腺肿大率(触诊法)由1995年的13.06%降至2008年的1.56%(χ2=54.08,P<0.005)。结论江阴市居民食用加碘盐后人群碘营养状况明显改善,各项指标均符合碘缺乏病消除标准,建议我市继续实施食盐加碘策略并加强对涉碘性疾病进行监测。

Investigation and analysis on iodine intake in dietary and iodine deficiency disorder among the residents in Jiangyin

Objective To analyze the iodine intake status in dietary of residents in Jiangyin city,and provide basis for iodine deficiency disorder prevention and control.Method Analyzed the monitoring data of iodine,children urine iodine,children goiter during 1995 to 2011,and calculation the iodine intake in dietary by residents dietary pattern.Results The iodine in dietary mainly came from inodized salt,it accounted for 79.38%.Children and adults iodine intake in dietary were 174.67 μg/d and 353.69 μg/d,respectively.Both of them were in the range of China residents dietary nutrients reference intake.The standard-reaching rate of children urine iodine increased from 77.1% in 1995 to 91.7% in 2008（χ2= 10.94,P 0.005）.Children goiter rate（by palpation） at 1995 was 13.06% and reduced to 1.56% at 2008（χ2= 54.08,P 0.005）.Conclusions Jiangyin residents＇ iodine nutritional status improved obviously after adding iodine in salt,and all the index accord with the eliminate standards of iodine deficiency disorder.At last,we suggested to keep on implement the strategy of adding iodine in salt and enhanced the monitoring of iodine deficiency disorder.