吸烟对矽肺患者肺功能影响的动态研究

目的探讨吸烟对矽肺患者肺功能变化的动态影响特点。方法选择某钢铁厂已确诊的60例矽肺患者,分为吸烟组(36人)与非吸烟组(24人),对其肺功能进行了10年动态研究,用常规方法测定肺功能。结果吸烟组与非吸烟组VC、FVC、FEV1均为进行性下降,FEV1/FVC均增加,除非吸烟组FEV1(P>0.05)外差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01或0.05)。吸烟组患者VC、FVC、FEV1实测值的年平均下降值皆高于非吸烟组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组弥散量和残气功能指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。吸烟与矽肺患者呼吸困难、咳嗽、胸痛的严重程度没有关联(P>0.05)。结论长期吸烟可使矽肺患者肺功能进一步损害,但也可能会被病情所掩盖。

Dynamic Study on the Influence of Smoking on Lung Function among Silicosis Patients

Objective To discuss the characteristics of dynamic influence of smoking on lung function among silicosis patients. Methods Choosing 60 patients whose final diagnosis were silicosis in a steel mill. They were divided into smoking group (36 patients) and non-smoking (24 patients). Tracing studies on lung function was carried out in both groups from 1984 to 1994.Routine lung function tests were performed. Results VC, FVC, FEV1 in both smoking group and non-smoking group were decreasing progressively. Whereas FEV1/FVC (%) in both groups increased. Initial values of VC,FVC,FEV1/FVC(%) were compared with those 10 years later, and it was found that the statistical difference was significant(P<0.01 or 0.05) in both smoking group and non-smoking group. The difference of FEV1 was not significant (P>0.05) in non-smoking group. Although the value of VC, FVC and FEV1 decreasing per year was higher in smoking group than that in the other group, there was no significant difference (P>0.05). There was no statistical difference (P>0.05) in diffusing capacity and residual volume between two groups .There was no statistical difference (P>0.05) in the severity of dyspnea, cough, chest pain between smoking group and non-smoking group(1994). Conclusions Long-term smoking may further impair the lung function of silicosis patients, which may be covered up by pathogenetic condition.