HIF1A基因两个位点多态性与夏尔巴人群高原低氧适应关系的研究

目的研究西藏高原夏尔巴人群缺氧诱导因子1α（hypoxia-inducible factor 1，alpha subunit；HIF1A）基因（HIF1A）第12外显子1772（C→T）、1790（G→A）多态性与高原低氧适应相关性。方法选取世居西藏高原夏尔巴族148人及广东汉族健康个体90人的血样，提取白细胞基因组DNA，聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism，PCR-RFLP）检测HIF1A基因第12外显子1772（C→T）、1790（G→A）的单核苷酸多态性，分析其基因多态性特征。结果1772（C→T）CC、CT和TT基因型频率在夏尔巴人组与汉族对照组分别为14．19％和16．67％、39．19％和41．11％、46．62％和42．22％，两组间比较差异无统计学意义；1790（G→A）GG、GA和AA基因型频率在夏尔巴人组与汉族对照组分别为57．43％和75．56％、37．84％和21．11％、4．73％和3．33％，夏尔巴人组的GG基因型频率较汉族对照组的低（P〈0．01），而GA基因型频率高于汉族对照组（P〈0．01）。组合基因型分布，夏尔巴人CC＋GA、CT＋AA、TT＋GA和TT＋AA的组合基因型频率高于汉族组。结论HIFIA基因1790（G—A）多态性与夏尔巴人群高原低氧适应存在相关性，GA、AA基因型可能对低氧适应有利，值得进一步深入探讨。

Association of polymorphisms of 1772 (C→T) and 1790 (G→A) in HIF1A gene with hypoxia adaptation in high altitude in Sherpas

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 1772 (C-->T) and 1790 (G-->A) in exon 12 of hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit gene (HIF1A) with hypoxia adaptation in high altitude in Sherpas. METHODS: The blood samples were chosen from 148 Sherpas in Tibet high altitude and 90 Han nationality healthy people in Guangdong province, and from which genomic DNA was extracted. The single nucleotide polymorphisms of 1772(C-->T) and 1790(G-->A) in exon 12 of HIF1A gene were examined by restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR). RESULTS: The genotype frequency of HIF1A gene 1790 (G-->A) in Sherpas and Han nationality was 57.43% versus 75.56% in GG genotype, 37.84% versus 21.11% in GA genotype and 4.73% versus 3.33% in AA genotype. GG genotype frequency in Sherpas was lower than that in Han nationality (P<0.01), while GA genotype frequency in Sherpas was higher than that in Han nationality (P<0.01). No significant difference in CC, CT and TT genotype frequency of 1772(C-->T) was shown between two groups respectively. The total frequency of CC + GA, CT + AA, TT + GA and TT + AA in Sherpas was higher than that in Han nationality. CONCLUSION: Polymorphisms of HIF1A gene 1790 (G-->A) are associated with hypoxia adaptation in high altitude in Sherpas. GA and AA genotype may be benefit to hypoxia adaptation, and it is worthy of deep-going investigation.