重症监护病房获得性细菌感染临床调查

目的 为了解重症监护病房的细菌感染、病原菌的分布及耐药性，为医院感染预防和控制提供参考。方法 2003年1月-2004年12月，重症监护病房送检标本进行细菌培养鉴定及药敏实验，对细菌培养阳性病例参照《医院感染诊断标准》。结果 两年分离病原菌93株，G^-杆菌占63．44％，G^＋球菌占30．10％，真菌占9．68％；G^-杆菌以铜绿假单胞菌为主，占19．35％，G^＋球菌以金黄色葡萄球菌为主，占9．68％，真菌以白色念珠菌为主，占6．45％；93株病原菌中，60株来源于呼吸道，23株来源于泌尿道。结论 加强重症监护病房医院感染高危疾病的监控，采取相应预防措施，从而控制和减少感染的发生。

Hospital Acquired Bacterial Infection in Intensive Care Unit (ICU): A Clinical Investigation

OBJECTIVE To study the bacterial infections in ICU, pathogens distribution and their drug-resistance characteristics, so as to offer a reference to the prevention and control of hospital infection. METHODS Specimens from ICU from Jan 2003 to Dec 2004 were underwent a process of germ culture, identification and drug-sensitivity test. Germ culture-positive cases were confirmed by Diagnostic Standards of Hospital Infections. RESULTS Ninety three pathogens were identified from ICU in two years. Of all cases, 63.44 % were Gram-negative, 30.1%0 were Gram-positive, and 9.68% were epiphyte. Among them, 19.35% were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and it was the main one of Gram-negatives; 9.68% were Staphylococcus aureus and it composed the most of Gram-positives; 6.45% were epiphyte. Of all 93 pathogens, 60 gained from respiratory tract, and 23 gained from urinary tract. CONCLUSIONS To emphasize on the strictly control of ICU, hospital infections and high risk disease, and to adopt certain preventive measures are the ways to control and decrease hospital infections.