医科与非医科本科生睡眠质量及相关因素的比较分析

 目的  比较复旦大学医科生与非医科生睡眠质量的现况,分析影响医科生和非医科生睡眠质量的影响因素,为提高不同专业大学生睡眠质量的干预措施提供依据和方向。方法  采用中文版匹兹堡睡眠质量指数自评量表、世界卫生组织5项身心健康指标量表和自拟睡眠质量影响因素调查表,对复旦大学1 051名在读本科生进行抽样调查。结果  34.9%的医科生和33.3%的非医科生报告存在睡眠质量问题。但本次调查的医科生和非医科生间学生睡眠质量分布不存在差异性(χ2=1.170,P＞0.05)。医科生和非医科生在睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍以及日间功能障碍得分上表现出差异性。影响医科生和非医科生睡眠质量的相同因素是睡眠环境(噪声和温度)、学习压力、身心健康和家族失眠史。医科生的睡眠质量还受床铺舒适度的影响,非医科生的睡眠质量受身体状况好坏的影响。结论  大学生睡眠质量问题较为普遍,医科生和非医科生的睡眠质量影响因素各不相同,在对其进行干预时应选取不同的措施。

Comparative analysis on sleep quality and its influencing factors between medical and non-medical undergraduate students

Objective  To provide evidence for the intervention measures on improving the undergraduates′ sleep quality,we would evaluate and compare the status of sleep quality and its related factors between medical and non-medical undergraduate students in Fudan University.Methods  Totally 1051 undergraduate students were interviewed using PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index),WHO Five Well being Index Questionnaire(WHO-5,Chinese version) and a self administered questionnaire.Results  The prevalence of sleep disorders in medical students and non medical students were 33.78% and 33.3%,respectively.No significant difference was observed between medical and non-medical students on the prevalence (χ2=1.170,P＞0.05).However,there were differences in sleep duration,habitual sleep efficiency,sleep disturbance and daytime dysfunction between medical and non-medical students.The common influencing factors of sleep quality among medical and non-medical students were noise and temperature in the dormitory,learning pressure,well being,and family aggregation of insomnia.The sleep quality of medical students was also influenced by comfortable beds,while it was influenced by physical condition in non medical students.Conclusions  Sleep disorder is common in undergraduate students,with different influencing factors on medical and non-medical students,which hints us to take different intervention measures to improve it according to different groups.