共用针具的男性吸毒人群的高危行为调查

目的了解共用针具的男性吸毒人群的高危行为。方法2006年6月,采用匿名自填问卷的方式对广东省珠海市某强制戒毒所全部男性吸毒人员进行调查,内容包括共用针具的高危行为和性行为。结果在397名吸毒者中,125名进入戒毒所前1个月发生过共用针具行为。其中93人(74.4%)曾与他人直接共针,108人(86.4%)曾与他人共用同一瓶水洗针或用同一棉球、容器溶解过滤毒品,76人(60.8%)上述两种情况都有发生;共用注射器的主要原因是夜间注射买不到针(50.0%)和着急注射时身边没有针(43.5%);共用注射器前往往不进行任何处理(12.5%)或只用冷水冲洗(67.0%);该类人群多性伴占68.0%(85/125),最近1个月与固定性伴和临时性伴每次都使用安全套的比例分别为5.2%(5/96)和12.0%(9/75);不愿意进行针具交换的比例达86.9%(106/122);认为自己有感染HIV可能性的只占24.8%(31/125)。结论该人群直接和间接共用针具的行为频繁、安全套使用率低以及对共用针具的危害缺乏认识,因此应在该类人群中尽快开展宣传教育、美沙酮治疗、针具交换和安全套推广。

An investigation on high risk behaviors among male drug users with needle sharing

Objective To explore high risk behaviors in male drug users with needle sharing.Methods All male drug users in a compulsory detoxification center were surveyed with anonymous self-administered questionnaires about their high risk behaviors including needle sharing and sex behaviors in Zhuhai,June 2006.Results 125 of total 397 investigated drug users admitted sharing needles or other equipments during past one month,among which 74.4%(93/125) shared needles and syringes,86.4%(108/125) shared rinse water,cotton or other equipments,and 60.8%(76/125) reported sharing needles or equipments ever before.The main reasons for needle sharing were unable to purchase needles or syringes at night(50.0%) and no access to it when injecting urgently(43.5%).Unsterilized needles(12.5%)and used rinse water(67.0%) were usually exchanged before injection.68.0%(85/125)had multiple sex partners.The rate of using condoms at all time with regular and casual partners in the past month was 5.2%(5/96) and 12.0%(9/75) respectively.86.9%(106/122)were unwilling to participate needle-exchange program.Only 24.8%(31/125)perceived being infected with HIV.Conclusion Needles or other equipments sharing,low condom use and low awareness of needle sharing consequences and HIV infection were main high risk behaviors among drug users and deserved intervention with health education,methadone maintenance therapy,needle-exchange and condom promotion program.