人胚胎及胎盘艾滋病毒(HIV)抗原的免疫组织化学检测

本文用免疫组织化学 ABC 法及 A-PAAP 桥联酶标技术,应用单克隆抗 HIV 抗体对临床确诊 HIV 阳性产妇的新生儿胎盘56例和 HIV阳性孕妇的流产胚胎19例,胎盘29例进行 HIV抗原的检测,并对 HIV抗原检出与胎儿官内 HIV感染的诊断,以及儿童期艾滋病的病因追踪等相互关系问题进行了讨论。

DEMONSTRATION OF HIVANTIGENS IN BIRTH PLACENTAE AND THERAPEUTIC ABORTIONS

The diagnosis of intrauterine HIV infection usually takes at least 6 months after birth,mainly because of persistence of maternal antibodies crossing the placenta,and the probably low viral load in the infected newborn.Since the placenta constitutes the major link between mother and fetus in intrauterine infection,we tried to demonstrate HIV associated antigens,1.In birth placentae as diagnostic contribution in the immediate postpartal assessment of the neonate's risk of infection; 2.In placentae and selected fetal organs of therapeutic abortions in HIV exposed preg- nancies to determine the earliest time and frequency rate of HIV infection.Our goal was to develop a routinely applicable immunohistochemical method for the demonstration of HIV antigens in formalin-fixed paraffine-embedded placentae and fetal tissue. CONCLUSIONS:1.HIV-antigens can be demonstrated informalin-fixed placentae and fetal tissues,2.They are found in Hofbauer cells,Lymphocytes of thymus and spleen,3.HIV antigens in Hofbauer cells show that there is the risk of fetal HIV infec- tion but they can't prove a definite diagnosis of HIV infection,4.The viral load in the embryos and young fetuses of therapeutic abortions seems to be extremely low,so it is hardly detectable by our method,5.The detection of the immunohistochemical proce- dures used by us,P24antigen is satisfactory,the demonstratiown of P17,P18 and GP41 has to be further refined.