上海市外来制造业女工AIDS预防中同伴教育综合干预效果研究

目的评价同伴教育综合模式在上海市外来制造业女工获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）预防中的干预效果。方法选择上海市浦东新区两家规模、性质相近且以女性农民工为主要员工的制造业工厂作为样本单位,共329名女工作为调研对象。采用整群随机抽取方法,将样本单位之一的所有女工纳入同伴教育干预组（n=211）,而另一样本单位女工全部纳入常规干预组（n=118）。采用问卷调查方式对两组调研对象进行基线调查后分组实施干预;其中同伴教育干预组采用结合同伴教育的综合干预方式,常规干预组则采取除同伴教育外的综合干预措施。干预后10 d,再次向两组发放与基线调查相同的调查问卷,回收后根据AIDS相关知识得分水平及知晓率评价干预效果,多因素Logistic回归分析影响因素。结果干预前同伴教育和常规干预组调研对象AIDS相关知识得分的中位数均为11分,干预后分别提高至15分和13分,两组干预前后自身比较以及干预后两组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。干预后17项AIDS相关知识的知晓率比较发现,同伴教育和常规干预组分别有12项和6项显著提高。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,干预后AIDS相关知识总得分与调研对象是否接受同伴教育和AIDS健康教育,以及是否与工友讨论感情或性等有关（P〈0.05）。结论在上海市外来制造业女工AIDS预防中实施同伴教育模式的干预效果优于常规干预。同伴教育是干预后AIDS相关知识总得分水平的独立影响因素之一。

Effects of comprehensive intervention with peer education on AIDS prevention among female migrant workers in Shanghai

Objective To investigate the effects of comprehensive intervention with peer education on acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevention among female migrant workers in Shanghai. Methods Two manufactories in Pudong New Area of Shanghai similar in scale and characteristics with female migrant workers as major staff were selected, and 329 female migrant workers were enrolled by cluster random sampling method. Female migrant workers in one manufactory were served as peer education intervention group (n=211), and those in the other manufactory were served as conventional intervention group (n=118). The baseline data of two groups were obtained by questionnaire survey, and interventions were conducted respectively in both groups. Comprehensive intervention with peer education was conducted in peer education intervention group, and comprehensive intervention without peer education was carried out in conventional intervention group. Ten days after intervention, questionnaires were sent out again for evaluation of effects of intervention by scores and awareness rates of AIDS-related knowledge and analysis of influence factors by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results The average scores of AIDS-related knowledge in both peer education intervention group and conventional intervention group before intervention were 11, and were increased to 15 and 13, respectively after intervention. There were significant differences between scores of AIDS-related knowledge before intervention and those after intervention in both groups and between scores of two groups after intervention (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Of all the awareness rates of 17 items of AIDS-related knowledge, those of 12 and 6 items were significantly increased in peer education intervention group and conventional intervention group, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that the total score of AIDS-related knowledge after intervention was related to peer education and AIDS-related health education, and discussion on emotion and sex with workmates (P<0.05). Conclusion The effects of comprehensive peer education in AIDS prevention among female migrant workers in Shanghai are better than those of conventional intervention, and peer education is one of the independent influential factors of total score of AIDS-related knowledge after intervention.