在校医学生对全科医学教育认知状况的抽样调查

目的调查在校本科医学生对全科医学的认知状况,探讨开展全科医学教育的必要性。方法以上海交通大学医学院未接受系统性全科医学教育（必修课）的临床医学系在校本科生（三年级,五年制）作为抽样调查对象。自行设计并发放问卷,对不同择业方向医学生对全科医学的学习意愿、在校医学生的全科医师择业意愿以及对全科医学教育的教学安排意愿等进行调查和描述性统计学分析。结果共发放问卷92份,回收有效问卷92份,有效回收率100%。抽样调查结果显示,在将来择业为＂非社区卫生服务中心＂＂非全科医师＂或择业目标为＂专科医师＂的调查对象中,认为仍然有必要接受学习全科医学教育的医学生分别占63.0%、65.2%和77.2%。调查对象中表示愿意将来成为全科医师者占66.3%,就业压力为其主要择业理由,占31.1%;认为全科医师＂发展空间小＂和＂社会地位较低＂而不选择其作为择业方向者分别占35.0%和30.0%。70.6%的调查对象认为在医学院校中有必要开设全科医学教育课程;选择理论与实践课的比例为2∶1和1∶1的调查对象占56.6%。结论大多数在校医学生择业方向明确,认为有必要接受全科医学教育。为顺应社会对高素质实用型医学人才的需求,医学院校开展多渠道的全科医学教育具有十分重要的意义,建议出台相关政策吸引更多医学生加入全科医师行列。

Sampling survey on perception of general practice education in medical students

Objective To investigate the perception of general practice education in medical undergraduate students, and explore the necessity of general practice education. Methods Juniors of five-year clinical medicine major who had not received systematic general practice compulsory courses in Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine were selected, and surveys with self-designed questionnaires including willingness of learning general practice courses, willingness of being general practitioners and suggestions on general practice education were conducted. Results All questionnaires (n=92) were valid and were recovered. 63.0% of the students who would not work in community health service centers in future considered it necessary to receive general practice education, and the percents of those who would not be general practitioners and who would like to be specialists in future were 65.2% and 77.2%, respectively. 66.3% of the students were willing to become general practitioners, and the main reason was employment pressure (31.1%). Students who were unwilling to be general practitioners due to "small room for potential development" and "lower social status" accounted for 35.0% and 30.0%, respectively. 70.7% of the students considered it necessary to open general practice courses in medical colleges, and 56.6% suggested the ratio of theory courses to practice courses might be 2∶1 or 1∶1. Conclusion The majority of medical students think it necessary to receive general practice education. It is important for medical colleges to conduct more general practice-related education, and more favorable policies should be implemented for government to attract more medical students to be general practitioners in future.