门诊性病患者相关知识、态度和行为特征分析

目的分析门诊性病患者的性病相关知识、态度和行为特征,为探索预防性病/艾滋病的干预方法提供基线资料。方法采用横断面研究设计,随机抽取确诊的门诊性病患者156例,进行匿名访谈式问卷调查;获有效问卷151份（有效率为96.79%）。自行设计问卷,问卷内容涉及患者一般情况、性病防治常识、相关态度、高危行为等。结果 20~40岁的患者占71.5%。男性患者与女性患者的性病知识平均得分比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。患者认知率较低的性病传播途径有共用马桶或浴缸（66.9%）、共用床单或被褥（49.7%）;认知率较低的非性病传播途径有蚊虫叮咬（68.9%）、接吻（62.3%）。反对婚前性行为和婚外性行为的男性患者比例明显低于女性患者（P〈0.05）。性伴数2人及以上的患者占67.5%;性伴数在10人以上的占11.9%。37.8%的患者在怀疑感染后仍发生性行为;41.1%的患者最近一次性行为未使用安全套;仅74.3%的患者将自己的患病情况告之性伴。结论针对门诊性病患者的防治干预,应充分结合这类艾滋病高危人群的特点,在知识宣传、高危态度和行为引导、诊疗行为指导等方面采取及时、有效的干预策略。

Analysis of characteristics of knowledge, attitudes and practice in outpatients with sexually transmitted diseases

Objective To analyse the characteristics of sexually transmitted diseases(STD) related knowledge, attitudes and practice in outpatients with STD, and provide baseline information for STD/AIDS prevention. Methods With cross sectional method, 156 outpatients diagnosed with STD were randomly selected and investigated by anonymous face to face interview with a self-designed questionnaire which included basic personal information, general knowledge on prevention and treatment of STD, STD related attitudes and high-risk behaviors, and 151 questionnaires (96.79%) were recovered in all. Results Of all the patients, 71.5% aged between 20 and 40 years. There was no significant difference in the average score of STD knowledge between males and females (P>0.05). The transmission routes with lower rates of awareness were sharing toilet or bathtub (66.9%) and sharing linen or bedding (49.7%), and the non-transmission routes with lower rates of awareness were bite by mosquitos (68.9%) and kissing (62.3%). The percentage of males with positive attitude towards pre-marriage and extra-marriage sexual behaviors was significantly lower than that of females (P<0.05）. Patients with two or more sexual partners accounted for 67.5% of the total, and 11.9% had ten or more sexual partners. 37.8% of patients had sexual intercourse even after suspect of infection, 41.1% did not use condoms in the latest sexual intercourse, and only 74.3% informed sexual partners of their illness. Conclusion It is imperative to carry out prompt and effective interventions such as propagation of knowledge, guidance of attitudes, behaviors and heath seek for outpatients with STD in high risks of AIDS.