青岛市35 444名小儿哮喘流行病学调查

1990年2月至8月,对青岛市35444名0～14岁小儿进行了哮喘病流行病学调查。共发现哮喘病儿179例,总患病率为0.51%,男性患病率为0.62%,女性为0.38%,两性间有非常显著性差异。内源型、外源型及混合型哮喘分别为61例、59例、59例,轻中型哮喘为164例。起病年龄多为3岁以下(65.36%),先兆症状为干咳(68.72%),流涕(63.39%),喷嚏(59.98%)。家族过敏史最多见为支气管哮喘共116例,过敏史124例。哮喘发作主要在冬、秋、春季(91.06%),好发时间多在夜间(55.30%)。179例病儿中,病情不变者98例,缓解者46例,减轻29例,加重2例,痊愈4例。

BPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CHILDREN ASTHMA IN QINGDAO DISTRICT

During a period of 6 months (February to August 1990) 35, 444 children, aged 0 to 14 years were examined for asthma in Qingdao District. 179 children were found ill with the disease, the total morbidity rate being 0.51%. The morbidity rate among the males was 0.62%(113/18 213) and that among the females was 0.38%(66/17 226), showing a significant difference between the two sexes. 61 of the 17 prtients had endogenous asthma, 59 exogenous asthma and 59 mixed sathma. Among them 164 were of mild and moderate types. 65.36% of the patients were under 3 years of age. The premonitory symptoms were dry cough (68.72%), rhinorrhea (63.39%) and sneezing (59.98%). 129 patients (72.07%) were from famlies with allergic history and 116 of them came from families whose members had asthma history. Episodes occurred more often in win- ter, autumn and spring (91.06%) than in summer, and mostly at night (55.30%). 98 of the 179 cases showed no improvement after treatment, 46 attained remission, 29 showed abatement, 2 were exacerbated and 4 recovered.