周围神经损伤的B超诊断

目的探讨Ｂ超对周围神经损伤的诊断价值。方法对１１例尸体标本和３０名健康自愿者的周围神经作Ｂ超检查，两者进行对照后获得人体正常周围神经的声像图。临床应用４２例周围神经损伤，于术前行Ｂ超检查，并用术中病理学检测结果来证实其诊断价值。结果正常周围神经的纵切面表现为中等回声管状结构，内有线性平行回声；横断面呈圆形或椭圆形内有点状回声。神经完全或部分损伤时，其连续性完全或部分中断，损伤区为无回声或低回声，近端有稍增强的神经瘤回声影。当神经粘连或受压时，神经走行弯曲，周围组织回声发生改变，神经界限不清晰。Ｂ超诊断与病理检测结果的符合率达８１％。结论Ｂ超对周围神经损伤有较好的诊断学价值

B mode ultrasonography in diagnosis of peripheral nerve lesions

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of B mode ultrasonography in peripheral nerve lesions. Methods B mode ultrasonorgraphy of normal peripheral nerves were performed in 11 cadaver specimen and 30 healthy volunteers to acquire the normal sonographic image . Sonographic examinations were then carried out in 42 patients with suspected peripheral nerve lesions before operation. Results The normal nerve appeared as a tubular echogenic structure with parallel linear internal echoes on longitudinal scans and as a round echogenic structure with punctate echoes on transverse scans. When the nerve was damaged completely or partially, hypoechoic response was seen at lesion site, and the soft tissue's echoes and the nerve's course changed when the nerve was compressed or clung. Pathological examination confirmed the correct rate of ultrasonography in diagnosis of peripheral nerve lesions was 81%. Conclusion B mode ultrasonography is of high diagnostic value in peripheral nerve lesions.