清远市高危人群HIV感染状况及艾滋病相关知识知晓情况调查

目的了解清远市高危人群HIV感染流行趋势和艾滋病相关知识知晓情况,为采取有针对性的行为干预措施和开展宣传教育工作提供准确的信息。方法于2005-2008年采用横断面调查的方法对强制戒毒者、暗娼和性病门诊就诊者等高危人群进行监测,并调查吸毒者和暗娼的艾滋病相关知识知晓情况。结果吸毒人群HIV抗体阳性率介于2.58%～4.15%之间;吸毒者中注射吸毒的比例为82.05%,其中共用注射器吸毒的比例为57.26%;吸毒者中42.39%有商业性行为,而且从未使用安全套的比例为52.53%。在227名暗娼中未发现HIV抗体阳性者,暗娼中最近1个月与客人发生性行为时坚持每次使用安全套的比例为39.43%。性病门诊就诊者HIV抗体阳性率介于0.20%～0.42%之间;34.56%的性病门诊就诊者最近3个月有非婚性伴,而且从未使用安全套的比例为16.25%。调查人群的艾滋病相关知识总体知晓率为57.17%,其中吸毒者和暗娼艾滋病相关知识总知晓率分别为53.05%、61.73%。结论清远市高危人群中以吸毒者HIV抗体阳性率较高,注射吸毒及共用注射器的比例较高,性乱人群中HIV流行水平较低,但存在不安全性行为;高危人群中艾滋病相关知识知晓率低,需采取有效的行为干预措施,加大宣传力度和覆盖面。

Survey of HIV Infection and HIV / AIDS Related Knowledge among High Risk Population in Qingyuan

Objective To investigate the trend of HIV infection and knowledge related to AIDS for high risk population in Qingyuan, in order to provide accurate information for policy-making and carrying out health education on AIDS prevention and control program. Methods From 2005 to 2008, cross-sectional sentinel surveys have been conducted and knowledge related to AIDS was investigate in Qingyuan, the target populations in these surveys were drug users, female sex workers and STD clinic attendees. Results ①The HIV prevalence among drug users was between 2.58% to 4.15%. The percentage of IDU among drug users and the rate of needles sharing in IDU were 82.05% and 57.26%, respectively. 42.39% drug users had sex with commercial sex workers and the proportion of never condom use was 52.53%. ②No HIV infection case was found among 227 female sex workers, the proportion of female sex workers who had consistent used condom in the recent 3 months was 39.43%. ③The HIV prevalence among STD clinic attendees was stable from 0.20% to 0.42%. 34.56% STD clinic attendees had sex with commercial sex workers and never condom use was 16.25%. ④The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS knowledge for drug users was 53.05% and for female sex workers was 61.73%, with an overall rate of 59.34%. Conclusion The HIV prevalence among drug users was relatively high among high risk population, but the HIV prevalence among sexual abuse was low in Qingyuan. There are many risk factors involved in the spread of HIV among drug users, female sex workers and STD clinic attendees, and more comprehensive measures and health educations are urgently needed to prevent and control HIV further transmission in Qingyuan.