广州市2007年与2008年麻疹流行特征比较

目的分析2008年与2007年麻疹的流行特征，比较两年间流行特征的异同，为2008年后半年麻疹的控制重点提供依据。方法利用《麻疹疫情监测系统数据》中麻疹的个案资料，抽取广州市2007年3-9月的2809例麻疹病例，及2008年1-5月的1003例病例，对其免疫史情况、发病年龄构成、户籍性质分布等进行比较分析。结果两年间麻疹病例的平均年龄差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；2008年上半年，相比2007年8月龄-14岁麻疹免疫目标人群发病所占比例下降（P〈0．05），未到初免年龄（8月龄）病例中6-8月龄占了绝大部分比例；两年中免疫空白病例仍然是发病的重点人群；流动人口仍然是发病的主要人群。结论麻疹免疫目标人群的麻疹控制较2007年取得了一定的成绩，非目标人群（8月龄-14岁以外人群）、免疫空白人群及流动人口是麻疹控制的重点。

Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles Infection in Guangzhou

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of measles infection in Guangzhou and to provide scientific evidence for the control of measles. Methods According to the data from the epidemic monitoring system, 2 809 and 1 003 cases of measles in 2007 and 2008, respectively, were collected and analysed for their immunization history, age composition and distribution. Results The average age of measles patients between 2007 and 2008 was similar （P〉0.05）. Compared with 2007, morbidity of the target population was significantly decreased （P〈0.05） in the first 6 months of 2008, and most of the patients were 6 to 8 months old. Most of the infected individuals had no previous history of measles immunization and were the mobile population. Conclusion The progress of measles immunization in the target group was satisfactory. To successfully control measles, immunization program should cover the non-target group （besides 8 months old to age above 14）, non-immunized individuals and the mobile populations.