广州市2004—2007年肾综合征出血热监测

目的分析广州市2004—2007年肾综合征出血热（HFRS）的流行特点和趋势，为制定防治策略提供依据。方法收集广州地区疫情资料，描述其流行病学特征。HFRS抗体与抗原检测采用免疫荧光分析。结果广州市2004—2007年共检出HFRS患者337例，年发病率0．59／10万～0．92／10万（平均0．73／10万），病死率0．89％。病例多为青壮年男性民工及商业服务者，主要分布于海珠和天河等地，发病高峰主要在春秋季。鼠问疫情监测显示鼠密度为10．3％，总带毒率为3．6％（160／4457），优势鼠为褐家鼠，带毒率为4．8％（132／2756）。结论广州HFRS疫情有上升趋势，应加大疫情监测力度，认真做好防鼠灭鼠及重点人群的疫苗接种工作。

Surveillance on Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in Guangzhou from 2004 to 2007

Objective To analyze epidemical characteristics and trends of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） in Guangzhou from 2004 to 2007 and provide theoretic basis for formulating control measures. Methods Data on the incidence rate was collected from the whole city to describe the epidemical characteristics of HFRS. Immunofluoresence assay（IFA） was used to detect the antibodies in HFRS patients＇ serums and antigens in rats＇ lung tissues. Results 337 patients were seropositive from 2004 to 2007（with an annual incidence rate of 0.73/ 100 000 and a mortality rate of 0.89 percent of the patients） and most of them were young male farmer-workers and commerce waiters. Most of the cases were distributed in I4aizhu and Tianhe districts. Dominant peak was observed in spring and autumn. Surveillance on rats demonstrated 3.6% rats carried hantavirus （with a density of 10.3%） and the main host was sewer rat. Conclusion The incidence rate of HFRS in Guangzhou from 2004 to 2007 showed a upward trend, so measures must be taken and be strengthened such as the surveillance on patients and rats, keeping out and killing rats, the vaccine injection of main populations in order to decrease the incidence of HFRS.