结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染早期两种检测方法的比较分析

目的比较结核分枝杆菌（Mycobacterium tuberculosis，MTB）特异性IFN-γ酶联免疫斑点法（Elispot）和结核菌素皮试（TB—PPD皮试）在MTB潜伏感染早期诊断的优异。方法采用自主研制的Elispot试剂盒（简称Elispot）对100例健康志愿者进行检测，并和TB—PPD皮试进行平行比较。结果100例健康志愿者中有50例TB—PPD皮试阳性（占50％），Elispot检测阳性20例（占20％）。两种方法检测结果差异有统计学意义（x^2=20．45，P〈0．005）。结论MTB特异性IFN-γ Elispot试剂盒在健康人群中检测阳性率比传统的TB-PPD皮试要低，Elispot检测体外IFN-γ 应答反应在诊断MTB潜伏感染的价值优于TB—PPD皮试，在MTB潜伏感染早期诊断有较好的发展前景。

Compare Two Tests in Early Diagnosis of Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Objective To compare Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific IFN-γ Elispot assay and TB-PPD （purified protein derivatives） skin test in diagnosis of latent MTB infection. Method 100 healthy volunteers with written informed consent undertook the Elispot test developed by our lab and TB-PPD skin test in parallel. Results In 100 healthy volunteers, 50 of them were positive for in response to TB-PPD skin test （50%）, but 20 （20%） were positive for in response to Elispot test. The comparative study indicated that there was a statistical significant difference between the results of Elispot assay and TB-PPD skin test （X^2 = 20.45 ,P〈0.005）. Conclusion The proportion of Elispot was lower than the TB-PPD skin test, which was better than the TB-PPD skin test for screening of latent MTB infection and it would have a good prospects in early diagnosis of latent MTB infection.