巫溪县燃煤型氟中毒防治现状

目的了解巫溪县燃煤型氟中毒病情和防治措施落实进度及发展趋势，为制定防治燃煤型氟中毒措施提供依据。方法运用Dean’s法检查该县所有病区村8～12岁儿童氟斑牙（GB16396—1996）和检查16岁以上成人氟骨症（WS192—1999），计算氟斑牙检出率和成人氟骨症检出率。调查2005—2008年中央转移支付地方公共卫生地氟病防治项目改炉改灶现状，计算炉灶改造率、改炉改灶合格率、改炉改灶正确使用率。2005—2008年在改炉改灶前后分别检测儿童尿氟，计算几何均数。结果儿童氟斑牙检出率为46．21％，成人氟骨症检出率为0，炉灶改造率为59．52％，合格率为97．16％，正确使用率为97．76％，尿氟几何均数改炉改灶前后均呈下降趋势。结论巫溪县燃煤型氟中毒病区呈轻微流行，2005—2008年结合中央转移支付地方公共卫生地氟病防治项目进行了大规模的改炉改灶工作，要达到国家75％的目标还需改炉改灶3600余户。

Analysis of the Prevention and Control Status of Coal-burning Fluorosis In Wuxi County

Objective To understand the coal-burning fluorosis and progress of the implementation of control measures and development trend, and provide a basis for the development of coal-burning fluorosis control measures in Wuxi County. Method We inspected all children aged 8-12 with the Dean＇s method on dental fluorosis （GB16396- 1996） and adult skeletal fluorosis for people over the age of 16 （WS192-1999） in endemic village in Wuxi County. The status of stoves improvement project, which was payed by contral government implemented from 2005 to 2008, was investigated. The stove transformation rate, the passing rate of changed cooking stoves, and correct usage rate of cooking stoves were measured. The urinary fluoride of children was measured before and after the change of cooking stoves in 2005-2008 and the geometric mean was calculated. Result Children＇s dental fluorosis detection rate is 46.21% ,while the adult skeletal fluorosis detection rate is O. The stove transformation rate is 59.52% ,with the passing rate of 97.16%, and the correct usage rate of 97.76%. Geometric mean of urinary fluoride before and after the change of cooking stoves furnace showed a downward trend. Conclusion The coal-burning fluorosis is common in Wuxi County but not serious from 2005-2008. This may be due to the large scale stove changing project implemented by the central government to achieve the national goal of 75 percent needed oven cooking stoves to more than 3600 households