新型甲型H1N1流感的实验室检测特征及分析

目的比较新型甲型H1N1流感、季节性流感及普通上呼吸道感染的实验室检测特征,进一步认识新型甲型H1N1流感的特点并分析产生的可能机制。方法对我院2009年5～7月收治的新型甲型H1N1流感、季节性流感及普通上呼吸道感染病例的入院实验室检测资料进行回顾性分析。结果新型甲型H1N1流感患者入院时平均血钾为（3.43±0.33）mmol/L,低于季节性流感组和普通上呼吸道感染组,甲型H1N1流感中伴有低钾血症（血钾〈3.5mmol/L）者占60.22%,明显高于另外两组,但合并低钾血症者的血钾平均值在三组间并无明显差异;与另两组相比,新型甲型H1N1流感组外周血白细胞、中性粒细胞、CD4＋T细胞计数降低;其他实验室检测指标包括血钠、血钙、血磷、LDH活性、CK活性等在三组间并无统计学差异。结论新型甲型H1N1流感实验室检测特征包括血钾降低、白细胞、中性粒细胞、CD4＋T细胞减少,其中低钾血症是新型甲型H1N1流感的一个显著实验室特征,其发生的具体机制尚待进一步研究。

Characterization and Analysis of Laboratory Detection of the Novel A/H1N1 Influenza

Objective Comparing the characterization of laboratory detection of the novel influenza A（H1N1）,seasonable influenza and common upper respiratory infection,to know more about the feature of this novel influenza and to analyze its possible mechanism.Method Retrospective analysis was used to analyze the laboratory detection data of influenza A（H1N1）,seasonable influenza and common upper respiratory infection inpatients in our hospital from May to July in 2009.Results The mean concentration of K＋ in the blood L of novel influenza A（H1N1） inpatients on admission was （3.43±0.33） mmol/L,it was lower than the mean concentration of K＋ in the blood of seasonable influenza group and common upper respiratory infection group. There was 60.22% of influenza A （H1N1） inpatients showed hypokalemia, and this percentage was lower in other two groups, but there were no obviously difference of mean concentration of K＋ in the blood among three groups of inpatient. Comparing with the other groups, the group of novel influenza A （H1NI） showed specific features including the lower counts of peripheral blood leukocyte （PWBC）, heterophil granuloeyte and CD4＋ T cells. There were no obviously differences of mean concentrations of Na＋ ,Ca ＋ ,P and enzyme activity of LDH,CK in the blood among three groups of inpatient. Conclusions The features of laboratory detection of the novel A/H1N1 influenza included hypnkalemia, decreasing counts of PWBC ,heterophil granulocyte and CD4＋ T cells. Hypokalemia was notable in A/H1N1 influenza and its specific mechanism need more investigation in future.