应用改良扩张器构建大鼠皮肤软组织扩张模型

目的应用改良设计的短注射导管枕形扩张器构建大鼠皮肤软组织扩张模型,并探讨其产生的扩张应力对大鼠皮肤细胞增殖分化的影响,验证扩张模型的扩张效果,为研究扩张皮肤新生机制提供一个稳定的动物模型。方法SD大鼠随机分为A、B两组（每组各30只）,A组大鼠采用改良设计的扩张器,B组大鼠采用上海威宁公司生产的普通扩张器;选择SD大鼠近颈部切口,以注射壶外置的方式埋置扩张器,制作皮肤软组织扩张模型。分别采集A组在不同扩张时间点（1、2、3、4、5周）的扩张中心区域皮肤和正常皮肤组织作为标本;利用HE染色方法观察扩张后皮肤结构的变化;根据增殖细胞表达增殖细胞核抗原,采用免疫组织化学染色方法观察扩张皮肤中细胞增殖的情况。结果A组应用自行改良设计的扩张器,选择大鼠近颈部切口构建的皮肤软组织扩张模型,术后外置的注射壶不易被大鼠咬掉,且术后注水及护理更简单,模型稳定性显著高于B组。HE染色结果表明,扩张后皮肤的表皮层明显增厚,真皮层变薄;免疫组织化学染色结果显示,增殖细胞呈点状分布,主要集中于表皮基底层和毛囊鞘。结论自行改良设计的短注射导管枕形扩张器,是构建大鼠皮肤软组织扩张模型的良好实验材料;扩张应力对大鼠的皮肤结构和增殖产生了影响。

Application of improved expander on construct rat model of skin and soft tissue expansion

Objective The rat model of skin and soft tissue expansion was constructed to explore the effect of the tensile stress on the skin cell differentiation and further to detect the result of expansion which could offer the stable animal model for the newborn mechanisms of expanded skin. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into two groups （30 rats in each group）. Improved expanders were applied in group A, and ordinary expander which were produced by Shanghai Winner company were applied in group B. Both the expanders were implanted under superficial fascia on the back of SD rats. Samples of normal skin and expanded skin were col- lected from rats in group A. The structure of skin was observed with HE staining, and the distribution charac- teristics of PCNA positive cells were observed with immunohistochemistry staining. Results Stability of the model in group A was significantly higher than that in group B. After the expansion, the epidermis obviously was thickened, and the dermis were thinned. Punctate distribution of proliferating cells was mainly observed in the basal layer of the epidermis and hair follicle sheath with immunohistochemistry staining. Conclusion In this study, we provided a good expander material and stable experimental methods to construct an animal model of skin and soft tissue expansion.