我国北方两卷烟厂职工死亡回顾性调查

为分析烟草尘对卷烟厂职工恶性肿瘤、呼吸系疾病死亡专率的影响，采用回顾性队列研究的方法，对河南、黑龙江两省某两卷烟厂１９８２～１９９４年间在册的职工进行恶性肿瘤、呼吸系疾病死因分析。以队列成员中的非暴露于烟草尘组为内对照，比较两组间的各死因死亡专率的差异。结果表明：男、女职工暴露组的恶性肿瘤、呼吸系疾病死亡专率均显著高于非暴露组。按接触烟草水平分为非接触组、低剂量接触组和高剂量接触组分析发现：恶性肿瘤、呼吸系疾病死亡与其暴露烟草尘水平可能存在剂量－效应关系。提示：接触烟草尘可能是恶性肿瘤、呼吸系疾病死亡的危险因素。吸烟和接触烟草尘的协同作用分析表明：吸烟和接触烟草尘对恶性肿瘤、呼吸系疾病可能存在协同作用。

A retrospective cohort study on the death among workers of two cigarette factories in north China

To study the effect of tobacco dust on the mortalities from malignant neoplasm and respiratory diseases,the causes of death from malignant neoplasm and respiratory diseases among workers in two Cigarette Factories of Henan and Heilongjiang provinces who died in the period from 1982 to 1994 were analyzed by retrospective cohort method.There was significant difference in the mortalities from malignant neoplasm and respiratory diseases between the group exposed to tobacco dust(both male and female workers) and that of the unexposed.A dose response relationship between the mortalities and the levels of tobacco dust might exist,suggesting that exposure to tobacco dust and smoking might be risk factors and they might have synergic effects on the mortalities from malignant neoplasm and respiratory diseases.