福建省1997-2003年食物中毒现状与防制措施

目的]探讨我省食物中毒的预防和控制措施. 方法]对1997-2003年250起食物中毒发生情况及致病因素进行分析,阐述流行病学特点. 结果]农村家庭食物中毒发生起数(46.0%), 居各类场所首位,其次是集体食堂(27.2%);第3季度为发病高峰(总起数的51.2%),其次是第2季度(26.8%);中毒食品中动物类占35.6%,植物类占29.6%;中毒因素中微生物性占37.6%,化学性占43.6%,以误食河豚鱼、毒蕈、麻痹性贝类等病死率为高. 结论]提高食物中毒事故的预警和应急处理能力,规范食物中毒调查方法,畅通信息及保障救治器械、药品供应,是减少中毒发生,降低危害的有效途径.

Disease Control and Prevention for Food Poisoning in Fujian,China (1997-2003)

To explore the measures of disease control and prevention for food poisoning (FP) in Fujian. 250 events of FP, pathogenic factors were analyzed and the epidemiological characteristics were described from 1997 to 2003. 46.0% of FP occurred in rural family and 27.2% in mess hall; FP was mostly in the third quarter (51.2%) and 26.8% in the second quarter; FP by animal food accounted for 35.6% and by plant kinds of food 29.6%; FP by pathogenic microorganism accounted for 37.6% and by chemical materials 43.6%. Fatality rate of FP was highest by eating balloonfish, mushroom and paralytic shellfish. The following are very important for FP control and prevention, for example, building early warning system, effectively exchanging information, dealing with emergency events, regulating FP investigation and ensuring drug and medical material supply.