浅谈医患关系"寒冷期"的形成原因与对策

医患关系是一种特殊的社会人际关系，其好坏程度直接影响社会的稳定，由于种种原因，此关系目前进入了一个相对的“寒冷期”，严重影响着医患双方的行为，进而影响卫生事业的发展和人民群众的生命健康。该文初步探讨了其形成原因有：（1）医者的支配地位与患者自我保护意识增强之间的矛盾。（2）医疗的高风险性与患者高期望值之间的矛盾。（3）医疗费用上涨过快与患者经济承受能力低下之间的矛盾。（4）传统价值观与现实之间的矛盾。（5）新闻媒体的炒作起着推波助澜的作用。针对上述原因，应采取的对策有：（1）加强信息交流，提高医患双方的风险意识。（2）服务到位，心理相融，建立新型服务关系。（3）增加收费透明度，切实减轻患者经济负担。（4）加强职业修养。（5）明确卫生政策定位，政府增加投入。

Discussion on the Reasons That Cause the Cold Period in the Relationship between Doctor and Patient and Countermeasures

The relationship between doctor and patient is a kind of special social relations that directly influences the social stability. However, this relationship is going into a relatively cold period, which greatly influences behaviors of doctor and patient and further influences development of health service and people's health. The reasons that cause this situation are: (1) contravention between doctor's control status and patient's increasing self-protective cognition; (2) contravention between high risk of medical treatment and patient's high expectation value; (3) contravention between medical expense that is increasing too fast and patient's relatively lower economic burden capability; (4) contravention between traditional value and reality; and (5) exorbitant reports from media add fuel to fire. Aimed at reasons mentioned above, the countermeasures that should be taken are: (1) strengthening information communication to improve the risk cognition of doctor and patient; (2) providing quality service to establish a new service relationship; (3) improving transparency of medical expense to relief economic burden of patient; (4) strengthening professional culture; and (5) determining health policy site and increasing investment from government.