灭螺药筛选与杀螺效果实验观察研究

目的 寻找和筛选新的高效、低毒又使用方便的杀螺剂,为现场防治提供新的杀螺措施.方法 采集10种除草类药样,分别采用“浸泡法、喷洒法和撒粉法”进行室内杀螺试验,同时以清水作空白对照.结果 通过初筛和复筛杀螺实验观察,其中浸泡法中显示一定杀螺效果的有A-004、B-008和B-009 3种药样,其24h、48h和72h的LC50分别为5.991 mg/L、1.598 mg/L和1.699mg/L；5.449 mg/L、2.728 mg/L和2.257mg/L; 5.870 mg/L、3.787 mg/L和1.876mg/L；在喷洒法中显示杀螺效果较好的为B-009药样,其3d、7d和15d的LC50为4.949 g/m2、2.415 g/m2和1.701mg/L;而在撒粉法实验中显示较好杀螺效果的A-001和A-002 2种药样,其3d、7d和15d的LC50为分别为7.112 g/m2、2.498 g/m2和2.020g/m2；4.717 g/m2、1.579 g/m2和1.093 g/m2.结论 10种除草类药样在各灭螺方法中均显示了一定的灭螺活性,但在浸泡和喷洒法中,各药样4.0mg/L(g/m2)及以下浓度和剂量的杀螺效果并不理想,其杀螺率一般或较低,而A-001和A-002 2种药样则在撒粉法中显示了较好的杀螺效果,故值得进一步研制和探索.

Screening of molluscicides and experimental observation on their molluscicidal efficacy.

Objective To screen new molluscicides with high efficiency, low toxicity and easy usage in the fields. Methods Ten kinds of herbicides were screened by soaking, spraying and impregnating for the efficacy in killing snails while fresh water was used as control. Results The molluscicides of Code A-004, B-008 and B-009 showed the molluscicidal efficacy and the LCso of Code A-004 24h, 48h and 72h after experiment were 5.991 rag/L, 1.598 mg/L and that of B-008 were 1.699rag/L; 5.449 mg/L, 2.728mg/L and that of B-0092.257mg/L; 5.870mg/L, 3.787mg/L and 1.876mg/L. Code B-009 was the only one had molluscicidal efficacy by spraying, and its LCso 3d, 7d and 15d after experiment were 4.949g/m3, 2.415g/m2 and/.701g/m2., respectively. Code A-001 and A-O02 had molluscicidal efficacy powder, and the LC50 of both drugs 3d, 7d and 15d experiment were 7.112g/m2, 2.498g/m2 and 2.020g/m2; 4.717g/m2, 1.579g/m2 and 1.093g/m=, respectively . Conclusion All the ten kinds of herbicides had more or less molluscicidal efficacy, but their efficacy by spraying and impregnating with doses of under 4.0mg/L（g/m2） were not ideaL.Further observation should be conducted on code 001 and 002 as they both showed molluscicidal efficacy by impregnating.