早期干预对足月小样儿神经行为及智能发育影响的临床研究

目的 探讨早期综合干预对足月小样儿神经发育的临床干预效果。方法 选取2017年10月至2018年6月安徽省妇幼保健院儿保科就诊的60例足月小样儿，按随机数字法分为医院干预组（30例）与家庭干预组（30例），同期选取30例参加体检的足月非小样儿作为对照组。医院干预组采用医院干预模式，家庭干预组采用家庭干预模式。对比分析不同干预模式下小儿在不同发育时期的运动量表（PDI）评分和智力量表（MDI）评分情况。结果 出生后第42天时，对照组PDI和MDI评分分别为（80.20±13.93）分、（82.20±12.36）分，均高于医院干预组及家庭干预组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；出生后12个月，医院干预组患儿PDI和MDI评分分别为（91.47±11.01）分、（95.37±11.66）分，接近对照组，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），但高于家庭干预组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。重复测量方差分析结果显示，医院干预组PDI和MDI评分均高于家庭干预组，且随着干预时间延长，医院干预组两项评分增加幅度最大。结论 早期综合干预对足月小样儿神经行为及智能发育有明显的促进作用。

A clinical study on effects of early intervention on neurobehavior and intelligence development in term infants

Objective To investigate the effect of early comprehensive intervention on the intelligence and motor development of full term small gestational age infants. Methods Sixty full-term infants in Anhui Maternal and Child Health Hospital from October 2017 to June 2018 were selected as subjects. According to random number method, they were divided into the early intervention group with 30 infants who adopted hospital intervention mode and the family intervention group with 30 infants who adopted family intervention mode. At the same time, 30 healthy infants were selected as the normal group. The PDI and MDI scores of the children were tested and compared at different development periods for investigation. Results On 42nd day after birth, PDI and MDI scores of normal group were (80.20±13.93) and (82.20±12.36) respectively, which were higher than those of hospital intervention group and the family intervention group(P<0.05).At 12 months of age, PDI and MDI scores of hospital intervention group were (91.47±11.01) and (95.37±11.66) respectively,which were close to those of normal group(P>0.05),and were higher than those of the family intervention group (P<0.05). The repeated measurement analysis of variance showed that PDI and MDI scores in hospital intervention group were higher than those in home intervention group, and the two scores in hospital intervention group increased the most as the intervention time extended. And with the extension of intervention time, hospital intervention group had the largest increase in two scores. Conclusions Early comprehensive intervention can obviously promote neurobehavioral and intellectual development in term infants, so it is worth clinical promotion.