不同眼轴长度白内障超声乳化术后临床观察

目的：探讨白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术治疗不同眼轴长度白内障患者的临床疗效。方法不同眼轴长度250例（250只眼）白内障采用超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术。短眼轴组50只眼（眼轴＜22 mm），正常眼轴组125只眼（22．00 mm≤眼轴＜26．00 mm），超长眼轴组75只眼（眼轴≥26．00 mm）。观察三组患者术中术后并发症：玻璃体的流失、后囊膜破裂、晶状体核碎片落入玻璃体腔、角膜水肿及人工晶状体移位。结果玻璃体的流失、角膜水肿及人工晶状体移位与眼轴长短之间无明显相关因素。不同眼轴组的后囊膜破裂发生率之间的比较，χ2＝10．79， P ＜0．05，差异有统计学意义，在短眼轴组发生率较超长眼轴组高。晶状体核碎片落入玻璃体腔与眼轴长短之前的比较，χ2＝8．89， P ＜0．05，差异有统计学意义，在短眼轴组和超长眼轴组的发生率相同。年龄是影响3组并发症发生率的重要因素。各种并发症随着年龄的增加而增加。患者性别及眼别与并发症的发生无明显关联因素。结论年龄是白内障超声乳化人吸除工晶状体植入术中并发症的主要影响因素。提前意识这些并发症并预防性的做好准备可减少此类并发症的发生。

Clincal observation after phacoemulsification in cataract eyes with different axial lengths

Objective Objective To investigate the clinical effects of cataract extraction with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens （ IOL） implantation in patients with different axial length eyes .Methods We selected 250 eyes in 250 cataract patients who all underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation .Fifty eyes fell in the short group with axial lengths lesser than 22 mm.One hundred and twenty-five eyes fell in the normal group with axial lengths equal or greater than 22 or lesser than 26 mm,and seventy-five eyes were considered myopic with axial length equal or greater than 26 mm.The three groups were compared regarding intraoperative surgical complications , such as corneal edema , vitreous loss,posterior capsular rupture , nucleoles drop , and undesirable implantation of IOL in the anterior chamber .Results There was no significant correlation with axial length and incidence of vitreous loss ,corneal edema and undesirable implan-tation of IOL in the anterior chamber ,although the incidence rate of posterior capsular rupture and nucleus fragment drops increased with increment in axial length and decrement in axial length .Comparison complications of posterior capsular rup-ture with different axial length eyes was χ2 =10.79, P 〈0.05.Comparison complications of nucleus fragment drops with different axial length eyes was χ2 =8.89, P 〈0.05.Axial lenth and age were two risk factors in three groups .And with age increased ,the incidence rate of complications raised .To patients whose axial length were too long or too short ,the inci-dence rate of the complications was rise .Sex of the patients and side of the left or right eye were not found to be significant risk factors.Conclusion It is safe and effective for cataract with long or short ocular axis patients to implant IOL after phacoemulsification .Age and high or low axial length were statistically significant risk factors for incidence of intraoperative complications of cataract surgery with phacoemulsification technique .Anticipation of these complications and also prepara-tion and prophylactic measures may decrease incidence of these complications .