农村初中生主观幸福感与父母养育方式、社会支持及自尊的关系分析

目的 探讨农村初中生主观幸福感现状及与父母养育方式、社会支持和自尊的关系。方法 采用青少年主观幸福感量表、父母养育方式量表、社会支持量及自尊量表对济南市688名农村初中生进行了调查。结果 农村初中生主观幸福感较高, 自我满意度和生活环境满意度得分率分别为73.6%和70%, 积极情感和消极情感的得分率分别为61.6%和34.6%。女生的生活环境满意度高于男生(t=-3.440, P=0.001)。自我满意度、生活环境满意度、积极情感及消极情感得分均具有年级差异(F=9.287~48.986, P=0.000)。父母的情感温暖理解、社会支持、自尊对主观幸福感具有积极影响, 而母亲的拒绝否认, 惩罚严厉和过干涉过保护对主观幸福感具有消极影响。结论 农村初中生的主观幸福感水平较高, 且与父母养育方式、社会支持和自尊相关。

Study on subjective well-being and its relations with parental rearing styles,social support and self-esteem in rural junior high students.

Objective To investigate the present status of subjective well-being and it's relations with parental rearing styles, social support and self-esteem in rural junior high students. Methods A total of 688 junior high students from Jinan countryside were assessed with Subjective Well-being Scale for Adolescent, Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran Scale, Social Support Scale and Self-esteem Scale. Results The subjective well-being of the rural students was comparatively high.The score rate of self satisfaction and life environment satisfaction was 73.6% and 70% respectively, and that of positive emotion and negative emotion was 61.6% and 34.6% respectively.The environment satisfaction of girls was significantly higher than that of boys (t=-3.440, P=0.001).Significant differences of subjective well-being were also found among grades (F=9.287~48.986, P=0.000).Parental warmth and understanding, social support and self-esteem showed significantly positive influence on subjective well-being, while mother's refusal, rejection, punishment, over protection and over intervention showed negative influence on it. Conclusion The subjective well-being of rural junior high students is at a comparatively high level and relates with parental rearing styles, social support and self-esteem.