唐山市城区学龄前儿童忽视状况调查分析

目的 了解唐山市城区学龄前儿童的忽视状况, 为制定相应的干预措施提供依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法, 应用“中国3～6岁城区儿童忽视状况评价问卷”, 对唐山市城区8所幼儿园的1 642名3～6岁儿童家长进行问卷调查。结果 唐山市城区3～6岁儿童的总忽视率为36.4%, 总忽视度为43.3, 其中医疗忽视率最高, 为17.4%, 教育忽视度最重, 为46.8。男、女童的总忽视率分别为36.7%和36.1%, 总忽视度分别为43.4和43.3, 差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。男童的教育忽视率高于女童, 差异有统计学意义(χ²=5.574, P<0.05)。不同年龄儿童的总忽视率和总忽视度比较, 差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05), 3岁儿童的总忽视率和总忽视度均最大。儿童以受单项忽视为主, 发生率为17.0%, 构成比为46.7%。结论 唐山市城区学龄前儿童被忽视现象较为严重, 应引起相关部门和家长的足够重视。

Cross-sectional study on child neglect among preschool children in urban area of Tangshan.

Objective To investigate the status of child neglect among preschool children in Tangshan urban area and to formulate corresponding intervention measures and policies. Methods A total of 1 642 parents of children aged 3 to 6 years old were extracted by stratified cluster sampling method from 8 kindergartens based on the "Child Neglect Norms" used in China. Results The total neglect rate and degree of children in Tangshan urban area were 36.4% and 43.3 respectively.The neglect rate of medical was highest for 17.4% and the neglect degree of education were most serious for 46.8.The total neglect rate for child neglect in males and females were 36.7% and 36.1% with total degree as 43.4 and 43.3 respectively.There were not statistically significant differences in total neglect rate and degree between different genders(P>0.05).The males had significantly higher rate of education neglect than the females (χ²=5.574, P=0.018).There were statistically significant differences in total neglect rate and degree between different age groups (P<0.05), which the neglect rate and degree of children aged 3 years old were the highest.All children aged 3~6 were mainly involved in single item of negligence, with incidence rates as 17.0％ and proportions as 46.7%. Conclusion The state of child neglect among urban children aged 3 to 6 years old in Tangshan urban area is serious, and relevant departments and parents should pay more attention to child neglect.