胎儿先天性肢体畸形的MRI诊断探讨

目的 探讨MRI在胎儿先灭性肢体畸形诊断中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析胎儿先天性肢体畸形的MRI表现.16例孕妇年龄22～40岁,平均29岁;孕龄22～39周,平均29周.产前常规行超卢(US)检查后24～48 h内行MR检查,采用二维快速稳态自由进动序列(2D FIESTA),行胎儿颅脑脊柱胸腹部常规及肢体重点扫描,将产前MRI、US表现与出牛后影像表现或外观(4例胎儿)、引产后尸体解剖或外观检查结果 (12例孕妇共13例胎儿,其中1例孕妇为双胎)对照.结果 16例孕妇共检出胎儿17例.包括先天性双上肢完全截肢1例,人体鱼序列征1例,短肢畸彤6例,双手腕内翻畸形2例,右手多指畸形1例,单纯有手缺指畸形1例,右手截指畸形1例,单纯马蹄内翻足2例,脊柱裂脑积水伴马蹄内翻足2例(其中1例还伴双手叠指样屈曲).16例孕妇随访结果 与产前MRI诊断完全一致14例,不完全一致2例.结论 MRI在胎儿先天性肢体畸形诊断方面具有一定的应用价值,能提供超声以外的额外信息,甚至更正超声的诊断.

Diagnosis of fetal congenital limb deformities by MRI

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of MRI on fetal congenital limb deformities.Methods Sixteen pregnant women,aged from 22 to 40 years (average 29 years) and with gestation from 22 to 39 weeks (average 29 weeks) were studied with a 1.5 T superconductive MR unit within 24 to 48 hours after ultrasound studies. Acquisitions consisted of coronal, sagittal, and axial slices relative to the fetal brain, spine, thorax, abdomen, especially limbs using 2D FIESTA sequences. Prenatal US and MR imaging findings were compared with postnatal diagnoses (4 fetuses) or autopsy (12 pregnant women,13 fetuses). Postnatal evaluation included US, MR imaging, computed tomography, and physical examination. Results Of the sixteen pregnant women (15 with a single fetus and 1 with twin fetuses) ,17 fetuses were found. Those limb deformities of sixteen pregnant women included congenital both upper extremities amelia (1 case), sirenomelia sequence (1 case), micmmelia (5 cases, 1 of which were twins),bilateral clenched hands (2 cases), right pelydactyly (1 case), simple right ectrodactyly (1 case), right dactylolysis(1 case), simple club foot (2 cases), hydrocele spinalis with club foot (2 cases), 1 of the 2 cases with bilateral clinodactyly. In 14 of 16 cases, the diagnoses established by MR imaging were correct when compared with postnatal diagnosis, and prenatal MR diagnosis was inaccurate in 2 cases. Conclusion Prenatal MRI is effective in the assessment of congenital limb deformities of fetuses, it can yield information additional to that obtained with US, and further correct US diagnosis.