原发性肺隐球菌病14例临床分析

目的 通过分析肺隐球菌病(PC)病例,提高PC临床诊治水平.方法 回顾性分析14例PC患者的宿主因素、基础疾病、胸部CT表现、微生物检验、组织病理学检查、治疗和转归.结果 大部分PC患者有相关的宿主因素和基础疾病.胸部CT表现多样,多为单肺叶发病,以局限性多发混杂的结节和(或)肿块和(或)肺实变为主,此外还可见支气管充气征/小泡征、空洞、晕征等.支气管肺泡灌洗液真菌培养阳性率较低(18.2%),大部分隐球菌乳胶凝集试验阳性(64.3%),肺组织病理检查阳性率100%,氟康唑初始治疗有效(57.1%).结论 PC患者多有基础疾病,临床表现及胸部影像学表现无特异性,"晕征"为其相对特征性表现.隐球菌乳胶凝集试验无创,阳性率较高,确诊主要靠病理.氟康唑治疗效果好,不良反应小.

Abstract：

Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) by analysing the PC cases. Methods The host factors, underlying diseases, chest CT,microbiological and histopathological examination, treatment and prognosis of fourteen patients with PC retrospectively analyzed. Results Most patients with PC had related host factors and underlying diseases.The features of chest CT were diverse, mostly in single lung, mainly included local multiple nodules and (or) mass and (or) pulmonary consolidation, otherwise, air bronchogram / small bubble sign, cavity,halo sign were visible. The positive rate of fungal culture from the bronchoalveolar lavage was lower (18.2%) ,most of cryptococcus latex agglutination test was positive (64.3%), the positive rate of lung tissue pathology was 100% ,and the effective rate of fluconazole for initial treatment of PC was 57. 1%.Conclusions Most patients with PC have underlying diseases, clinical manifestations and chest imaging are nonspecific, and halo sign is relatively specific performance. Cryptococcus latex agglutination test is invasive, and the positive rate is high. The final diagnosis of PC mainly depends on pathology.Fluconazole is effective for the treatment of PC,and side effect is low.

Clinical analysis of 14 cases of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis

Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) by analysing the PC cases. Methods The host factors, underlying diseases, chest CT,microbiological and histopathological examination, treatment and prognosis of fourteen patients with PC retrospectively analyzed. Results Most patients with PC had related host factors and underlying diseases.The features of chest CT were diverse, mostly in single lung, mainly included local multiple nodules and (or) mass and (or) pulmonary consolidation, otherwise, air bronchogram / small bubble sign, cavity,halo sign were visible. The positive rate of fungal culture from the bronchoalveolar lavage was lower (18.2%) ,most of cryptococcus latex agglutination test was positive (64.3%), the positive rate of lung tissue pathology was 100% ,and the effective rate of fluconazole for initial treatment of PC was 57. 1%.Conclusions Most patients with PC have underlying diseases, clinical manifestations and chest imaging are nonspecific, and halo sign is relatively specific performance. Cryptococcus latex agglutination test is invasive, and the positive rate is high. The final diagnosis of PC mainly depends on pathology.Fluconazole is effective for the treatment of PC,and side effect is low.