西藏地区中小学生脊柱弯曲异常状况分析

  目的  了解西藏地区中小学生脊柱弯曲异常的发生率及其影响因素，为制定相关措施提供参考。  方法  基于2019年西藏自治区学生常见病监测与干预工作，涉及拉萨、日喀则、那曲、昌都、山南市和阿里地区，采用分层随机抽样，每个地级市选取1个城区和1个县，共监测中小学生19 023名。统计分析中小学生脊柱弯曲情况，采用二分类Logistic回归分析其影响因素。  结果  中小学生脊柱弯曲异常检出人数223人，检出率为1.17%。不同片区、不同性别的学生检出率的差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为18.01，8.07，P值均 < 0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，监测点、学段、性别、身高、课桌椅分配符合率、黑板面平均照度是中小学生脊柱弯曲异常的影响因素(OR值分别为5.44，2.17，2.46，1.62，1.02，0.11，1.00，P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  应从影响因素出发，多种措施并举，减少中小学生脊柱弯曲异常的发生。

Abnormal spinal curvature in primary and secondary school students in Tibet

  Objective  To monitor the incidence of spinal curvature abnormalities among primary and secondary school students in Tibet, and to analyze the factors influencing spinal curvature abnormalities among primary and secondary school students in Tibet.  Methods  This study was based on the surveillance and intervention of common diseases among students in Tibet in 2019, involving Lhasa, Shigatse, Nagqu, Chamdo, Shannan and Ali regions, using stratified random sampling, with one urban area and one county selected in each prefecture-level city, and a total of 19 023 primary and secondary school students were monitored. The spinal curvature of primary and secondary school students was statistically analyzed, and the influencing factors were analyzed by dichotomous Logistic regression.  Results  The number of detected spinal curvature abnormalities in primary and secondary school students was 223, with a detection rate of 1.17%. From the results of the χ2 test, the differences in detection rates among students of different districts and gender varied significant (χ2=18.01, 8.07, both P < 0.01). Multivariable Logistic regression showed that monitoring site, school section, gender, height, desk and chair allocation compliance rate, and average illumination of blackboard surface were associated with spinal curvature abnormalities in primary and secondary school students (OR=5.44, 2.17, 2.46, 1.62, 1.02, 0.11, 1.00, all P < 0.05).  Conclusion  Multiple measures should be taken to reduce the occurrence of spinal curvature abnormalities in primary and secondary school students, starting from the influencing factors.