中国青少年营养状况与心理亚健康的相关性

  目的  探究中国青少年营养状况与心理亚健康之间的相关性，为中国青少年身心健康发展提供参考。  方法  在中国华东、华北、中南、西北、西南和东北地区，分别采用分层随机整体抽样法抽取16 545名13~22岁青少年，采用青少年亚健康多维评定问卷(Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents，MSQA)中的心理问卷进行心理亚健康测试。采用χ2检验及Logistic回归分析对营养状况与心理亚健康的关系进行分析。  结果  青少年体质量指数(BMI)正常组的心理亚健康状态总体检出率为18.5%，BMI消瘦组、超重组和肥胖组分别为22.3%，38.7%和44.7%，不同营养状况青少年的心理亚健康状态检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=478.68，P < 0.05)。Logistic回归模型在调整了性别和年龄后，相对于BMI正常者，消瘦者(OR=1.19，95%CI=1.09~1.30)、超重者(OR=2.76，95%CI=2.47~3.09)和肥胖者(OR=3.43，95%CI=2.83~4.15)发生心理亚健康的风险增加。  结论  中国青少年营养状况与心理亚健康相关，消瘦、超重和肥胖者发生心理亚健康的风险均高于正常者，改善青少年营养状况将有利于青少年身心健康发展。

Correlation between nutritional status and mental sub-health among Chinese adolescents

  Objective  To explore the correlation between different nutritional status and mental sub-health of Chinese adolescents, and provide reference for improving the physical and mental health of Chinese adolescents.  Methods  A total of 16 545 adolescents (13-22 years old) were selected by random overall sampling method in six major administrative regions in China.The psychological part of the Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA) was used for mental sub-health test.Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze and compare the relationship between different nutritional status and mental sub-health.  Results  The overall detection rate of mental sub-health status in the adolescents with normal BMI group was 18.5%, while those in the lean, overweight and obese groups were 22.3%, 38.7%, and 44.7%, respectively, which were significantly different from those in the normal BMI group(χ2=478.68, P < 0.05).After adjusted for gender and age, the Logistic regression model showed that compared with those with normal BMI, those who were thin (OR=1.19, 95%CI=1.09-1.30), overweight (OR=2.76, 95%CI=2.47-3.09) and obese(OR=3.43, 95%CI=2.83-4.15) had increased risk of mental sub-health.  Conclusion  The nutritional status of Chinese adolescents in significantly related to mental sub-heatlh, hose who are underweight, overweight and obese have significantly higher risks of mental sub-health than those who are normal.Improvement of nutritional status of adolescents is beneficial to healthy adolescent development.