高校大学生手机成瘾变化趋势与不良心理问题的关联

  目的  了解高校大学生不同手机成瘾变化趋势与抑郁、焦虑等不良心理问题之间的关联，为大学生心理健康干预和预防手机成瘾提供参考。  方法  2018—2019年对河南2所高校的1 824名2018级大学生进行手机成瘾、抑郁、焦虑状况5次随访调查，了解大学生手机成瘾的变化轨迹及其与抑郁焦虑之间的关联。  结果  第5次调查中，高校大学生手机成瘾平均得分为(43.19±5.51)分，焦虑检出率为34.21%，抑郁检出率为40.73%。在城乡、不同班级排名、睡眠时间方面，大学生手机成瘾状况得分差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为3.65，3.79，3.82，P值均＜0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示，与手机成瘾变化趋势平稳组学生相比，高成瘾-升高组(OR=3.21，95%CI=2.33~4.41)、低成瘾-急速升高组(OR=8.39，95%CI=5.08~13.78)发生焦虑的风险较高(P值均＜0.01)；高成瘾-升高组(OR=3.31，95%CI=2.39~4.51)、低成瘾-急速升高组(OR=4.51，95%CI=2.81~7.15)发生抑郁的风险较高(P值均＜0.01)。  结论  高校应关注大学生手机成瘾问题，尤其手机成瘾问题集聚上高的学生应重点关注，以有效降低大学生的抑郁和焦虑等负面心理问题。

An analysis of the correlation between the changing trends of mobile phone addiction and unhealthy psychological problems of college students/

  Objective  To understand the relationship between college students with different mobile phone addiction trends and adverse psychological problems such as depression and anxiety, so as to provide references for college students' mental health intervention and prevention of mobile phone addiction.  Methods  From 2018 to 2019, 1 824 college students from two universities in Henan were investigated for 5 follow-up surveys of mobile phone addiction, depression, and anxiety, to understand the change trajectory of college students' mobile phone addiction and its relationship with depression and anxiety.  Results  The average score of mobile phone addiction among college students was (43.19±5.51) points, the detection rate of anxiety was 34.21%, and the detection rate of depression was 40.73%. In different urban and rural areas, class rankings, and sleep time, the differences in the scores of mobile phone addiction among college students were statistically significant (F=3.65, 3.79, 3.82, P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with students in the mobile phone addiction group with a stable change trend, the high addiction-increased group (OR=3.21, 95%CI=2.33-4.41) and the low addiction-rapidly increased group (OR=8.39, 95%CI=5.08-13.78) had a higher risk of anxiety (P < 0.01), the high addiction-increased group (OR=3.31, 95%CI=2.39-4.51), the low addiction-rapidly increased group (OR=4.51, 95%CI=2.81-7.15) had a higher risk of depression (P < 0.01).  Conclusion  Colleges and universities should pay attention to the problem of mobile phone addiction among college students, especially those with a high concentration of mobile phone addiction, so as to effectively reduce the negative psychological problems of college students such as depression and anxiety.