广州市中学生生活行为模式分析

  目的  识别广州市青少年的生活行为模式，为对不同生活行为模式青少年进行有针对性的个体化干预提供科学依据。  方法  采用方便抽样对广州市城区27所中学12 540名学生进行问卷调查，构建潜在类别模型对青少年的生活行为模式进行识别，比较不同亚组青少年饮食习惯认知及参加体育锻炼意愿的差异。  结果  基于潜在类别模型识别出3种生活行为模式，其中“高甜食零食/长视屏时间、睡眠及运动不足组”3 797名(30.3%)，低营养膳食/严重睡眠及运动不足组2 745名(21.9%)，一般饮食/睡眠及运动不足组5 998名(47.8%)。各亚组青少年对自己饮食习惯的认知(χ2=671.54)和参加体育锻炼的意愿不同(Z=153.16)，差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。  结论  不同亚类的青少年具有独有的特点，实际干预工作中需要针对不同生活模式青少年的特有特征给予最迫切的需求和指导，实施有针对性的干预。

Lifestyle pattern of middle school students in Guangzhou

  Objective  To identify the lifestyle pattern of adolescents in Guangzhou and to provide a scientific basis for targeted and individualized interventions for adolescents with different lifestyle pattern.  Methods  A survey was conducted by questionnaire among 12 540 students from 27 middle schools in the urban area of Guangzhou using a convenient sampling method. The latent class model (LCM) was used to identify lifestyle patterns of adolescents, and further analyses were conducted to compare differences in dietary habits and willingness to exercise among the different classes.  Results  Three lifestyle patterns were identified based on the latent class model: "high sweet snacks/excessive screen time, sleep and exercise deficiency group", 3 797 people, accounting for 30.3%; "low nutrition diet/severe sleep and exercise deficiency group", 2 745 people, accounting for 21.9%; "general diet/sleep and exercise deficiency group", 5 998 people, accounting for 47.8%. Adolescents of different classes had different perceptions of their eating habits and different degrees of willingness to participate in physical exercise, these differences were statistically significant(χ2=671.54, Z=153.16, P<0.05).  Conclusion  The results of the latent class model showed that the three classes of adolescents had their own unique characteristics. It is necessary to inform them of their needs, provide guidance and implement targeted interventions according to the unique characteristics of the different lifestyle patterns in empirical work.