大学生自伤行为抑郁焦虑现况及相关性分析

  目的  了解安徽省大学生自伤行为与抑郁、焦虑症状现况及其相关性，为减少大学生自伤行为发生提供理论依据。  方法  采用分层整群抽样的方法，对安徽省5所高校的9 638名在校大学生进行问卷调查，问卷内容包括基本人口学特征、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和自伤行为问卷等。  结果  9 638名大学生自伤行为检出率为22.94%(2 211名)，男生(24.51%)高于女生(21.72%)，差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.46，P < 0.05)；抑郁检出率为28.57%(2 754名)，焦虑检出率为11.11%(1 071名)。抑郁组自伤行为的检出率为33.48%，高于非抑郁组(18.72%)，差异有统计学意义(χ2=242.22，P < 0.01)；焦虑组自伤行为的检出率为48.74%，高于非焦虑组(19.72%)，差异有统计学意义(χ2=453.66，P < 0.01)。抑郁、焦虑均与自伤行为存在正相关(r值分别为0.24，0.27，P值均 < 0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析表明，在控制其他相关的影响因素后，抑郁(OR=1.48)及焦虑(OR=2.84)与大学生自伤行为发生呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  安徽省大学生自伤行为、抑郁和焦虑检出率不容乐观，且自伤行为与抑郁、焦虑之间呈正相关。应重视对大学生的心理健康教育。

Relationship between self-harm with depression and anxiety in college students

  Objective  To examine the status of self-harm, depression and anxiety and to analyze the relation of self-harm with depression and anxiety in college students.  Methods  Totally 9 638 college students were randomly selected from five universities in Anhui province using stratified cluster sampling and were surveyed with basic demographic characteristics, Depression Self Rating Scale (SDS), Self-evaluation of Anxiety Scale (SAS) and self-harm behavior questionnaire.  Results  The detection rate of self-harm among college students was 22.94%(2 211), boys (24.51%) were higher than girls(21.72%), the difference was statistically significant(χ2=10.46, P < 0.05). The detection rate of depression was 28.57%(2 754). The detection rate of anxiety was 11.11%(1 071). The detection rate of self-harm in the depression group was 33.48%, which was significantly higher than those without depression group(18.72%)(χ2=242.22, P < 0.01). The similar results were found in the anxiety analysis, students with anxiety showed higher detection rate in self-harm (48.74%) than those without anxiety (19.72%)(χ2=453.66, P < 0.01). Both depression and anxiety were positively associated with self-harm behaviors(r=0.24, 0.27, P < 0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression model found that after covariates controlled, depression(OR=1.48) and anxiety (OR=2.84) were positively associated with self-harm of college students(P < 0.05).  Conclusion  Self-harm, depression and anxiety among college students in Anhui Province are at a high level, and a positive correlation between self-harm behaviors and depression and anxiety is observed. Attention should be paid to the mental health education of college students.