多元化健康教育促进大学生体育锻炼行为的效果评价

  目的  探讨基于微信主导的多元化健康教育对大学生体育锻炼行为及自我身体形象的影响。  方法  采用整群分层抽样的方法，选择2019年3月常州信息职业技术学院大学生276名，按照随机数字表法分为实验组145人、对照组131人。对照组给予常规体育锻炼教育，实验组联合应用基于微信主导的多元化体育锻炼健康教育。3个月后，比较两组大学生体育锻炼行为、自我身体形象。  结果  干预后，实验组大学生有规律地参加体育锻炼(79.31%)、锻炼频率≥3次/周(70.34%)、锻炼时间≥30 min/次(64.60%)、每次锻炼强度中等及以上(73.10%)、每月锻炼费用100~300元(49.66%)高于对照组(62.60%，54.20%，51.15%，61.07%，36.64%)，每月锻炼费用＜100元(33.79%)、运动损伤(47.59%)低于对照组(49.62%，59.54%)，差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05)；外表评价(3.87±0.32)、外表态度(3.92±0.28)、身体素质态度(3.80±0.33)、健康评价(3.78±0.24)、疾病态度(3.54±0.42)、身体部位满意度(3.61±0.38)、超重忧虑评分(3.14±0.45)均高于对照组(3.54±0.36，3.60±0.34，3.56±0.42，3.51±0.31，3.01±0.36，3.32±0.41，2.78±0.35)，差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为8.06, 8.57，5.30, 8.13, 11.15, 6.10, 7.36, P值均＜0.05)。  结论  基于微信主导的多元化健康教育有助于促进大学生体育锻炼行为的养成，对于改善自我身体形象有积极的应用价值。

Evaluation on the effect of diversified health education in promoting college students' physical exercise behavior

  Objective  To explore the influence of WeChat-led diversified health education on college students' physical exercise behavior and self-body image.  Methods  The cluster stratified sampling method was adopted to select 276 students from Changzhou College of Information Technology in March 2019. According to the random number table method, they were divided into 145 cases in the treatment group and 131 cases in the control group. The control group was given regular physical exercise education, and the treatment group jointly applied diversified physical exercise health education based on WeChat. Three months later, the physical exercise behavior and self-body image of the two groups of college students were compared.  Results  The college students in the treatment group regularly participated in physical exercise (79.31%), exercise frequency ≥3 times/week(70.34%), exercise time ≥30 min/time(64.60%), and each exercise intensity medium and above(73.10%), monthly exercise cost 100-300 yuan/month(49.66%), which were significantly higher than the control group (62.60%, 54.20%, 51.15%, 61.07%, 36.64%), monthly exercise cost < 100 yuan(33.79%), sports injury (47.59%) were significantly lower than the control group (49.62%, 59.54%), the difference were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Appearance evaluation score (3.87±0.32), appearance attitude score (3.92±0.28), physical fitness attitude score (3.80±0.33), health evaluation score (3.78±0.24), disease attitude score (3.54±0.42), body part satisfaction score (3.61±0.38) and overweight worry score (3.14±0.45) were significantly higher than those of the control group (3.54±0.36, 3.60±0.34, 3.56±0.42, 3.51±0.31, 3.01±0.36, 3.32±0.41, 2.78±0.35), the difference was statistically significant (t=8.06, 8.57, 5.30, 8.13, 11.15, 6.10, 7.36, P < 0.05).  Conclusion  Diversified health education based on WeChat is helpful to promote the development of college students' physical exercise behavior, and has positive application value for improving self-body image.