儿童1型糖尿病生命早期相关影响因素的病例对照研究

  目的  探讨儿童1型糖尿病(T1DM)发生的影响因素，为有针对性采取防治措施提供参考。  方法  采用病例对照研究，选取沈阳市某医院106例确诊为T1DM的患儿为病例组，同期按照年龄、性别、居住地区1:1匹配的原则，选取106名健康儿童作为对照组，对两组生命早期可能影响T1DM发生发展的因素进行问卷调查。  结果  106例T1DM患儿平均确诊年龄为(8.02±3.49)岁; 女童占60.4%，男童占39.6%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，家庭经济好、父亲文化程度高与T1DM的发生呈负相关; 而家庭成员吸烟(OR=2.51, 95%CI=1.19~5.29)、有糖尿病家族史(OR=2.56, 95%CI=1.18~5.55)、母亲肥胖(OR=5.42, 95%CI=2.49~11.83)和孕期感染(OR=3.45, 95%CI=1.04~11.46)与T1DM发生呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  儿童T1DM的发生受遗传、母孕期健康及家庭经济等多因素的影响，从生命早期开始预防儿童T1DM的发生具有重要意义。

Case-control study of early life-related risk factors associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus in children

  Objective  To investigate the affecting factors of type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) in children, and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment measures in the future.  Methods  A case-control study was carried out among 106 children diagnosed with T1DM in a hospital in Shenyang. At the same time, 106 healthy children were selected as the control group by 1∶1 matching of age, gender and living area. The early life-related factors that may affect the development of T1DM in two groups were investigated by questionnaire.  Results  The average age of diagnosis in 106 cases with T1DM was(8.02±3.49) years, girls accounted for 60.4% and boys 39.6%. Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that high family socioeconomic status and higher education of fathers were associated with lower odds of development of T1DM. Family member smoking(OR=2.51, 95%CI=1.19-5.29), family history of diabetes(OR=2.56, 95%CI=1.18-5.55), maternal obesity(OR=5.42, 95%CI=2.49-11.83) and infection during pregnancy(OR=3.45, 95%CI=1.04-11.46) were associated with higher risk of T1DM(P < 0.05).  Conclusion  The occurrence of T1DM in children is affected by many factors including heredity, maternal health during pregnancy and family economy, highlighting the importance of early life prevention of T1DM.