低龄儿童家长应对儿童性侵犯的行为反应及影响因素

  目的  分析低龄儿童家长应对儿童性侵犯事件的可能行为反应及潜在影响因素，为开展儿童性侵犯预防教育提供依据。  方法  利用“2016—2020年儿童伤害预防项目”基线调查的部分数据，采用χ2检验、Logistic回归分析等方法分析小学三年级以下儿童家长的行为反应特征及其相关影响因素。  结果  共纳入4 072名儿童家长进行分析，其中86.8%的家长选择“陪伴解决”，51.0%家长带孩子看“心理医生”，4.9%家长“责备孩子太不小心”，2.9%家长选择“让孩子不要声张此事”，6.5%的家长选择“其他”应对方式。外籍、文化程度越低(OR=0.26~0.64)的家长倾向“责备”孩子；母亲、文化程度越高(OR=0.27~0.72)的家长越不鼓励孩子“勿声张”；母亲、年龄越高的孩子(OR=1.33~1.78)、家长文化程度较高(OR=1.65~2.99)的家长倾向“陪伴解决”；≥30岁、高中/技校/中专文化程度的家长倾向带孩子看“心理医生”。  结论  家长比较重视性侵犯事件后的儿童身心健康，但仍有部分家长采取“责备”和“勿声张”的消极应对方式；家长角色、文化程度、亲子交流时长和儿童年龄情况是影响家长行为反应特征的主要因素。需进一步加强预防儿童性侵犯二次伤害的教育，同时充分考虑受教育对象的特征。

Responses to child sexual assaults and associated factors among parents of young children

  Objective  To analyze the possible responses of parents of young children to Child sexual assault (CSA) and the potential influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for prevention programs of CSA.  Methods  Part of the data from "2016-2020 Child Injury Prevention Project" was used to analyze responses to CSA among parents of children younger than 3rd grade in primary school by chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis.  Results  A total of 4 072 parents were included in the analysis. Among them, 86.8% of parents chose "to solve problems together", 51.0% of parents taking children to a "psychologist", 4.9% of parents "scolding children for being too careless", 2.9% of parents "letting child not disclose abuse" and 6.5% of parents chose "other" coping methods. Parents with foreign nationality and lower education level (OR=0.26-0.64) tend to "blame" their children. Mothers, higher parental education level (OR=0.27-0.72) were more reluctant to encourage their children to keep quiet. Mothers, older children (OR=1.33-1.78) and parents with higher education level (OR=1.65-2.99) tend to "accompany". Parents aged 30 or more, and from high school/technical school/technical secondary school tend to take their children to see a "psychologist".  Conclusion  Parents universally pay attention to the physical and mental health of children after CSA, but some parents still take negative coping methods, e.g. "blame" and "not disclose". Parenting educational level, duration of parent-child communication and age of children are primary factors associated with parental responses to child sexual assault. This study suggests that prevention secondary injury following child sexual assault should be farther strengthened, while fully considering the characteristics of the educated objects.