12周有氧运动对习惯久坐大学生微循环功能的影响

  目的  探讨不同剂量的有氧运动对习惯久坐大学生微循环功能的影响，为指导大学生科学体育干预性行为提供参考。  方法  招募湖北民族大学在校生69名，分成运动A组、运动B组和对照组，每组各23人(男生12名，女生11名)。运动组进行12周有氧运动干预，其中A组每周运动1~2次，B组每周运动≥3次，对照组不进行任何系统性的体育运动。分别在试验前、试验后对3组受试者微血管反应、经皮氧分压(TcpO₂)、一氧化氮(NO)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)及内皮素-1(ET-1)进行测试。  结果  试验后，微血管反应性呈现出组别和时间交互作用(P=0.00)，其中运动B组大于对照组及运动A组(P<0.01)，运动A组与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，但经皮氧分压不具有时间与组别的交互作用(P=0.53)；NO(F=6.32)，NOS(F=7.91)具有组别和时间交互作用，其中运动B组大于对照组及运动A组(P<0.01)，运动A组与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。  结论  有氧运动影响身体微血管反应及内源性NO水平，持续12周、每周≥3次的有氧运动能通过促进内源性NO的生成提高久坐大学生微血管反应性，但每周1~2次的有氧运动对微血管反应性无显著影响。

Effect of 12-week aerobic exercise on microcirculation function of sedentary college students

  Objective  To investigate the effects of different doses of aerobic exercise on the microvascular function of habitually sedentary college students.  Methods  A total of 69 students from Hubei Minzu University were recruited and divided into sports group A, sports group B and control group, with 23 students in each group (12 boys and 11 girls). The exercise group received 12 weeks of aerobic exercise intervention, in which group A exercised 1-2 times a week, group B exercised≥3 times a week, and the control group did not carry out any systematic sports. Microvascular response, Transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen(TcpO₂), Nitric oxide, Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and En-dothelin-1 (ET-1) were measured before and after the test.  Results  After the test, the microvascular reactivity showed group and time interaction(P<0.01), in which exercise group B was greater than that of control group and exercise group A (P<0.01). There was no significant difference between exercise group A and control group (P>0.05), but the percutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (P=0.53) had no time interaction with other groups; NO(F=6.32) and NOS(F=7.91) had group and time interaction, in which exercise group B was greater than control group and exercise group A (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference between exercise group A and control group (P>0.05).   Conclusion  There is a "dose-effect" relationship between aerobic exercise and microcirculatory blood perfusion and endogenous NO. Continuous aerobic exercise ≥3 times a week for 12 weeks improved microcirculatory blood perfusion and promoted endogenous NO production in sedentary college students, but doing aerobic exercise for 1-2 times a week had no significant effect on microcirculatory blood perfusion and endogenous NO.