深圳市学龄儿童家长零食知识态度行为现况

  目的  了解深圳市学龄儿童家长对零食营养的认知、态度以及购买零食行为，为制定有针对性的干预方案、培养儿童健康的饮食行为提供数据支持和科学依据。  方法  2018年6月，采用整群随机抽样方法，对深圳市116所小学二年级4 517名学生家长进行问卷调查。  结果  被调查家长的零食认知水平高低不一。超过90%的家长会担心零食的卫生安全问题并知道长期进食可导致儿童厌食偏食，仅有21.18%的家长会经常引导儿童进食零食。儿童群体的零食多由父母购买，以奶及奶制品、蔬菜水果类和面包蛋糕类为主，且在购买时更为注重营养、卫生和口味。此外，80.16%的家长购买零食时会看生产日期，但只有28.80%的家长会阅读营养标签。不同零食认知水平的家长关于零食的态度(零食的安全卫生问题、长期进食零食是否导致儿童厌食偏食、参加零食营养宣教活动)及行为(购买零食时看生产日期、购买零食看营养标签、主动获取零食营养知识)差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为30.16，15.40；17.33，15.41，77.81，P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  应加强对家长开展营养与食品安全相关知识宣教，提升家长的营养认知，改变态度，促进合理饮食与购买零食行为的形成，以更好地引导儿童形成良好的饮食习惯。

Knowledge,attitude and behavior among parents of school-aged children towards snack in Shenzhen

  Objective  To investigate knowledge, attitude and purchase behavior for snack nutrition among parents of school-aged children in Shenzhen, so as to provide support and scientific basis for developing targeted intervention program for child healthy dietary behavior.  Methods  Through cluster random sampling method, a total of 4 517 parents of students graded in 2 from 116 primary schools in Shenzhen were invited to participate into a self-administered questionnaire survey.  Results  Parental cognition towards snack nutrition varied substantially. The majority of parents were worried about the health and safety issues of snack and were aware of the risk of eating disorder of consistent snakc consumption in children. Only 21.18% of parents reported frequent snack-purchasing behaviors. Children's snacks, mainly included milk, dairy products, vegetable, fruit, bread and cake, are mostly purchased by parents, and the snack choices were related to nutrition, hygiene and taste. In addition, most parents paid attention to the production date whereas less than one-third of them read the nutrition facts labels. Parents with different knowledge level towards snack nutrition differed in eating attitude and behavior.  Conclusion  Parents should be further educated about nutrition and food safety knowledge to improve nutritional literacy, as well as attitude towards healthy diet and snack-purchasing ehavior to better guide their children to develop good eating habits.