中国6省份中学生健康素养与饮酒行为的关联

  目的  探讨中国6省份中学生健康素养与饮酒行为的关联，为预防和减少中学生的饮酒行为提供参考依据。  方法  2015年11月—2016年1月，采用多阶段整群抽样方法，选择内蒙古自治区乌兰察布市、辽宁省沈阳市、河南省新乡市、安徽省蚌埠市、重庆市和广东省阳江市，抽取初、高中学生共22 628名进行问卷调查。调查内容包括人口统计学信息、健康素养水平和饮酒行为。比较不同特征中学生饮酒行为报告率的差异，采用多因素Logistic回归分析健康素养与饮酒行为之间的关联。  结果  中学生曾经饮酒、最近饮酒、过量饮酒、出现醉酒症状报告率分别为60.0%(13 580名)、16.8%(3 799名)、5.9%(1 344名)和9.9%(2 250名)。调整性别、学段、家庭所在地、独生子女、学习日住校、父/母亲文化程度和自评家庭经济状况等因素后，低水平健康素养者曾经饮酒(OR=1.76，95%CI=1.62~1.91)、最近饮酒(OR=1.37，95%CI=1.23~1.52)、过量饮酒(OR=1.39，95%CI=1.18~1.63)和出现醉酒症状(OR=1.68，95%CI=1.47~1.92)的风险均高于高水平健康素养者(P值均 < 0.01)。  结论  中学生健康素养与饮酒行为存在关联，可通过提高学生健康素养水平来预防和减少饮酒等健康危险行为的发生。

Association of health literacy and drinking behaviors among middle school students in six provinces of China

  Objective  To explore the association between health literacy and drinking behaviors among middle school students in six provinces of China, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of drinking behaviors.  Methods  From November 2015 to January 2016, 22 628 students were enrolled from Ulanqab, Shenyang, Xinxiang, Bengbu, Chongqing and Yangjiang by multistage stratified cluster sampling method. And a questionnaire survey was conducted among them to collect demographic information, health literacy and drinking behaviors. Rates on drinking behaviors were compared in students with specific characteristics. Multiple Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between health literacy and drinking behaviors.  Results  The proportion of ever drinking, current drinking, binge drinking, drunkenness was 60.0%(13 580), 16.8%(3 799), 5.9%(1 344) and 9.9%(2 250), respectively. After adjusting for gender, grade, family address, siblings, accommodation type, parental educational level, and self-reported family income, compared to the high-level health literacy, the low-level health literacy was significantly associated with ever drinking (OR=1.76, 95%CI=1.62-1.91), current drinking(OR=1.37, 95%CI=1.23-1.52), binge drinking (OR=1.39, 95%CI=1.18-1.63), and drunkenness(OR=1.68, 95%CI=1.47-1.92), respectively(P < 0.01).  Conclusion  Health literacy of middle school students was related to drinking behaviors. The occurrence of health risk behaviors such as drinking can be prevented and reduced by improving students' health literacy level.