78例背侧骨间动脉岛状皮瓣的应用回顾

目的　回顾背侧骨间动脉岛状皮瓣的临床应用方法和评价。方法　应用逆行背侧骨间动脉岛状皮瓣修复手部皮肤软组织缺损 78例 ,其中采用扩张后的逆行背侧骨间动脉岛状皮瓣 12例。单蒂串联双皮瓣 10例。术中对背侧骨间动脉的发出位置、走行和分支分布进行了解剖学的观察和皮瓣的设计应用原则进行讨论分析。结果　本组 78例中 74例背侧骨间动脉均存在 ,位置恒定 ,4例动脉在前臂背侧中 1 3段消失 ,未发现与掌侧骨间动脉有吻合支 ,乃改用其他手术方法。 5 3例逆行背侧骨间动脉岛状皮瓣中 4 9例全部成活 ,4例皮瓣末端坏死 ,经换药自愈。 12例扩张逆行背侧骨间动脉岛状皮瓣全部成活。 9例逆行背侧骨间动脉串联岛状皮瓣中 ,7例全部成活 ,2例位于血管蒂远侧皮瓣末端部分坏死 ,换药后自愈。皮瓣面积 8cm× 6cm～ 14cm× 8cm不等。皮瓣修复可达手背指蹼近侧和掌腕及拇指间隙部位。术后手的外形和功能恢复良好。结论　该皮瓣是修复手部皮肤缺损较好的手术方法 ,但术前需对血管有变异的可能性有所准备

Application and review of the reversed posterior interosseous artery flap in 78 clinical cases

OBJECTIVE: To assess and review the indications and methods of the reversed posterior interosseous artery flap for repairing soft tissue defects of the hand. METHODS: In the series, three types of flaps were utilized including the reversed posterior interosseous artery flap, the expanded reversed posterior interosseous artery flap and the reversed posterior interosseous artery conjoint flap. 78 clinical cases were treated with this method, in which 12 cases used the expanded reversed posterior interosseous artery flap and 10 cases used the reversed posterior interosseous artery conjoint flap. The flap,ranged from 8 approximately 6 cm to 14 approximately 8 cm, was used to repair the defects of the dorsal hand as far as to the fingerweb. The anatomy of the posterior interosseous artery was observed in the surgical dissection. RESULTS: The posterior interosseous artery was consistently identified in all the 78 cases. In 4 cases, the artery terminated in the middle third of the dorsal forearm, therefore an alternative method of reconstruction was used. In the 53 cases of reversed posterior interosseous flaps, 49 cases healed uneventfully and 4 cases suffered necrosis in the distal border of the flap, but subsequently healed spontaneously. 12 cases of expanded flaps survived well and the donor sites were directly approximated. In the 9 cases of conjoint flaps based on the posterior interosseous artery, 7 cases healed uneventfully and 2 cases suffered delayed healing because of flap necrosis of the distal part. The satisfactory appearance and hand function were achieved postoperatively in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: The flap is a better choice for repairing the soft tissue defects of the hand. The different type of flaps can be selected to meet the clinical requirements of reconstruction. It is suggested that the artery variation should be assessed preoperatively.