哮喘儿童行为、社会适应能力及心理的研究

目的探讨哮喘患儿与正常儿童在行为、社会适应能力和精神、心理状态方面的差异。方法对９～１５岁的２６４例哮喘儿童和２５０例正常儿童进行问卷调查，调查项目包括行为２项、社会适应能力７项和精神、心理状态６项等。结果在行为方面，所有哮喘患儿和正常儿童都无吸烟史，但是哮喘儿童的父母一方或双方吸烟者（６５．９％）比正常儿童组（５２．０％）多见；此外，哮喘儿童较少参加体育运动。在社会适应能力方面，哮喘儿童较难结交新朋友，较易感觉孤单及生活不愉快，学习成绩较差。在精神心理状态方面，哮喘儿童较多出现沮丧、易激惹、紧张、睡眠障碍及头晕。结论性格内向，社会适应能力差，某些精神情绪异常及被动吸烟在哮喘患儿中更为多见。

Behaviors, social adjustment and psychosomatic symptoms in early youths with bronchial asthma

Objective To explore the differences in behaviors, social adjustment and psychosomatic symptoms between asthmatic and nonasthmatic children. Methods Two hundred and sixty four children with bronchial asthma and 250 healthy children, 9 15 years of age, were investigated about their behaviors, social adjustment and psychosomatic state. Results In behaviors, all children did not smoke, but 65.91% of asthmatics had at least one parent who smoked, compared with 52% of nonasthmatics. Physical inactivity was more prevalent in asthmatics than nonasthmatics. More asthmatics felt difficulty to make new friends, were easy to feel lonely and unhappy, and had relatively poor school performance. On the psychosomatic state, asthmatics felt more often depressed, irritable, nervous, sleeping difficulty and dizzy than non asthmatics. Conclusion Introversion, lower ability of social adjustment, some negative psychosomatic symptoms and passive smoking might play some role in the onset of bronchial asthma.