农村地区常规免疫接种率报告数据质量研究

目的评价农村地区常规免疫接种率报告数据质量。方法采用按容量比例概率抽样法,于2004年11~12月对伊通、建德、宿松、扶风4个县10月份常规免疫接种报告数据质量,按报告、统计、调查接种率3个层面进行研究。结果总的趋势是上报接种率高于统计接种率,统计接种率高于调查接种率。应种人数以调查为高,实种人数以报告为高。调查应种人数比报告应种人数多15.97%,调查实种人数比报告实种人数低15.54%。报告与统计应种人数符合率为55.83%,实种人数符合率为63.18%。报告与调查应种人数符合率为51.21%,实种人数符合率为61.89%。报表统计人员测试结果与上报报表统计正确性无关(χ2=1.54,P>0.05),村级人员制作报表的准确性明显比乡级低(χ2=7.79,P<0.01);报表数据质量乡级高于村级(χ2=8.64,P<0.01)。结论农村地区常规免疫接种率报告数据质量有待提高,其措施是提高报表统计人员责任心,统一由乡级统计报表,改善培训及督导方法。

Research on the Quality of Reported EPI Routine Coverage Data in Rural Areas

Objective To evaluate the data quality of routine coverage report in rural areas. Methods PPS sampling method has been utilized in the research on the reported coverage,calculated coverage by statistics,and surveyed coverage of 4 counties including Yitong,Jiande,Susong,and Fufeng in October, 2004. Results The results suggested that the reported coverage is higher than the calculated coverage by statistics, and the calculated coverage is higher than the surveyed coverage.The number of target children in the survey is the highest,and the number of the children immunized for the reported data is the highest.The number of the target children in the survey is 16.54%, higher than the reported number,while the number of children immunized in the survey is 15.54%, lower than the reported number.The accordant rate for both of the reported and calculated number of target children is 55.83%, while the accordant rate for both of the reported and calculated number of children immunized is 63.18%. The accordant rate for both of the reported and surveyed number of target children is 50.91%,while the accordant rate for both of reported and surveyed number of children immunized is 61.89%. The analysis for the skills of the staff in charge of coverage report and its quality suggests that the testing result for the staff has no relation with the corrective of the reported data (~2=1.542,P>0.05). The corrective rate for the village level staff is significantly lower than the township staff (~2=7.79,P<0.01). The quality for data reporting for township level is better than the village level (~2=8.64,P<0.01). Conclusion The key measures to improve the quality of routine coverage report are to improve the accountability of staff in charge of the report, to allocate the responsibility of routine reporting form statistics to the township level staff, and to improve the training and supervision skills.