儿童癫痫54例临床特点及治疗体会

目的：探讨小儿癫痫的临床特点及治疗。方法：对经临床及脑电图诊断为癫痫的54例患儿进行临床观察，并根据发作类型选药；采用丙戊酸钠(VPA)或卡马西平(CBZ)单药治疗，并监测药物浓度及随访脑电图(EEG)。结果：临床表现为全身性发作37例，局灶性发作17例。37例单用VPA治疗，6个月后发作获完全控制，VPA平均血药浓度89．2mg/L；17例单用CBZ治疗，6个月后获完全控制，CBZ平均血药浓度6．37mg/L。治疗前EEG异常52例，治疗后恢复34例。结论：小儿癫痫的发作形式多种多样，具有反复发作、暂时性的特点。丙戊酸钠或卡马西平单药治疗小儿癫痫具有良好的疗效，血药浓度监测对治疗有指导作用，脑电图不能作为判定疗效的唯一指标。

Clinical features and treatment of epilepsy in children:A report of 54 cases

Objective:To study the clinical features and treatment of epilepsy in children.Methods:Fifty four children with epilepsy confirmed by clinical diagnosis and the EEG examination were observed,and the drug was chosen following the type of seizures.The single drug treatment of sodium valproate(VPA) or carbamazepine(CBZ) was adopted;the serum concentrations was monitored and the EEG followed up.Results:The clinical manifestation of generalized seizures was detected in 37 cases,and partial seizures in 17 cases.After curing for 6 months,complete seizure control was observed in the patients either with VPA therapy,or with CBZ therapy.The average serum concentrations of VPA and CBZ were 89.2 mg/L and 6.37 mg/L,respectively.Of the 52 cases with abnormal EEG before treatment 34 cases recovered after the treatment.Conclusions:Epilepsy of children has various forms of seizures.It has the characteristics of relapse and temporariness.Both VPA and CBZ have curative effects on the child epilepsy.Monitoring serum concentrations will help to right treatment.EEG can't be the only index sign to judge the curative effects. [