新生儿动脉导管未闭的高危因素分析

目的：探讨新生儿动脉导管未闭（patent ductus arteriosus，PDA）的高危因素，为PDA的预防提供临床依据。方法：以50例PDA新生儿为病例组，100例非PDA新生儿为对照组，采用χ2检验、t检验或直线相关分析对两组患儿的临床资料进行分析，采用logistic回归分析研究PDA的独立危险因素。结果：PDA的发生与胎龄（r=-0.03，P＜0.05）、出生体重（r=－0.04，P＜0.05）呈负相关。出生时吸氧治疗为保护因素。宫内窘迫、羊水粪染、羊水过少、脐带绕颈、1 min Apgar评分＜8分、母孕期感染、合并缺氧缺血性脑病是新生儿PDA的独立高危因素。结论：避免母孕期感染、早产、低出生体重、缺氧的发生，有利于减少PDA的发生。

Risk factors for patent ductus arteriosus in neonates

Objective To identify the risk factors for patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) in neonates.Methods Fifty infants with PDA and 100 infants without PDA were enrolled.Chi-square test,Student′s t test and the linear correlation analysis were used to study the clinical data.Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the independent risk factors for PDA.Results The prevalence of PDA was negatively correlated with the gestation age(r=-0.03,P<0.05) and birth weight(r=-0.04,P<0.05).Oxygen inhalation was a protective factor for the development of PDA.Fetal distress,meconium-stained amniotic fluid,oligohydramnios,cord entanglement,1 minute Apgar score<8,maternal infection and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy were the independent risk factors for the development of PDA.Conclusions The incidence of PDA can be reduced by preventing maternal infection,premature birth,low birth weight and hypoxia.