献血员中TT病毒感染的检测及其基因型

目的 了解献血员中ＴＴ病毒感染状况和基因型分布特征，建立ＴＴ病毒感染的检测方法。方法 采用巢式ＰＣＲ，ＥＬＩＳＡ和微孔板杂交－ＥＬＩＳＡ法分别检测ＴＴ病毒ＤＮＡ、抗体ＩｇＧ及基因型。结果 ２６８例血清标本中，ＴＴ病毒ＤＮＡ和抗体ＩｇＧ阳性率分别为１４．９％（４０／２６８）和９．０％（２４／２６８）。职业和无偿献血员ＴＴ病毒ＤＮＡ阳性率分别为３５．２％（３２／９１）和４．５％（８／１７７），两者比较差异有显著性（χ＾２＝４２．１，Ｐ〈０．００５）；４０例ＴＴ病毒ＤＮＡ阳性血清标本，其病毒核酸基因型均为Ⅰ型。结论 献血员中普遍存在ＴＴ病毒感染，其中职业献血员是感染的高危人群；严格控制职业献血员，大力提倡义务献血非常必要；目前，巢式ＰＣＲ是检测ＴＴ病毒感染的有效方法；研究人群中ＴＴ病毒感染以基因Ⅰ型为主。

Detection of TT virus infection and genotypes in blood donors

Objective To investigate TT virus infection and distribution of genotypes, and to build up an effective method for detecting TT virus infection in blood donor. Methods Nested polymerase chain reaction(nPCR), enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and microporous plate hybridization methods were performed to detect TT virus DNA,anti- TT virus IgG, and TT virus genotypes. Results TT virus DNA and anti - TT virus IgG were detected in 40(14.9 %)and 24(9.0 % ) of 268 blood donors, The positive rates of TT virus DNA in remunerated regular and non - remunerated blood donors was 35.2 % (32/91 ) and 4.5 % (8/177), respectively, There was significant difference between the two groups (χ2=42.1, P<0.005) .The TT virus genotypes were genotype I in all 40 cases of TT virus DNA positives. Conclusion TT virus infection is common in the blood donors and a high prevalence of TT virus infection in remunerated regular blood donors has been demonstrated. It is necessary to strictly control the number of professional blood donors and encourage the practice of donating blood gratts. At present, nPCR is an effective method for detecting TT virus infection. Most of TT virus genotypes detected in blood donors are genotype I.