高职学生顶岗实习期心理健康状况与人格特征、社会支持的相关研究

目的探讨高职学生顶岗实习期的心理健康状况与人格特征、社会支持的关系,并提出相应劳动风险防范策略。方法采用症状自评量表、社会支持量表、中国大五人格问卷简式版对湖南省4所高职院校448名处于顶岗实习期的学生进行调查。结果①高职顶岗实习学生躯体化、人际敏感、焦虑因子得分显著高于全国青年常模、大学生常模(t1=9.622,6.188,7.175;t2=7.299,2.344,2.993;P1<0.001,P2<0.05),敌对、偏执、精神病性因子得分显著低于常模(t1=-11.812,-11.905,-11.484;t2=-19.302,-21.239,-18.701;P1<0.001,P2<0.001);②SCL-90各因子得分与社会支持评定量表各因子得分相关显著(P<0.05);③SCL-90绝大部分因子与人格因子相关显著(P<0.05);④外向性、神经质、支持总分、宜人性能显著预测高职顶岗实习生的心理健康水平(t=-39.708,33.902,-16.645,-16.399;P<0.001)。结论高职顶岗实习学生的心理健康水平与人格特征、社会支持显著相关。

Relationship of Personality Traits,Social Support and Mental Health of Higher Vocational College Internship Students

Objective To explore the relationship between mental health and personality traits,social support of senior high vocational school students in internship period and puts forward the corresponding labor risk prevention strategy.Methods A symptom assessment scale,social support scale,Chinese Big Five Personality Questionnaire short form version on 4 Higher Vocational Colleges in Hunan province 448 in the internship period was conducted by students.Results ①Higher vocational internship students somatization,interpersonal sensitivity,anxiety factor score was significantly higher than the national youth often die,college students often die（t1=9.622,6.188,7.175;t2=7.299,2.344,2.993;P1〈0.001,P2〈0.05）,hostile,paranoid ideation,psychosis factor score was significantly lower than that of ordinary die（t1=-11.812,-11.905,-11.484;t2=-19.302,-21.239,-18.701;P1〈0.001,P2〈0.001）.②The SCL90 scores were related to social support rating scale scores（P〈0.05）.③SCL-90 most factors were related to personality（P〈0.05）.④Extraversion,neuroticism,agreeableness,support performance significantly predicted level of mental health of higher vocational teaching intern（t=-39.708,33.902,-16.645,-16.399;P〈0.001）.Conclusion The mental health of higher vocational college internship students is related to personality characteristics and social support.