大学生自我评价与成就动机的关系

目的考察大学生的成就动机和自我评价之间的关系。方法对来自临沂市的265名大学生采用个人自我评价量表(PE I)和成就动机量表(AM S)进行调查。结果①在自我评价方面,存在显著的性别、学科和年级差异(F=2.230,2.76,3.784;P<0.05)。进一步的检验显示,男生和理科生要显著高于女生和文科生,大一学生显著高于大三学生,大二学生显著高于大四学生;②在成就动机方面,追求成功和避免失败均存在显著的性别差异(F=3.176,P<0.01;F=-1.759,P<0.05),在追求成功维度上存在显著的学科差异(F=2.853,P<0.01)。进一步的检验显示,男生、理科生在追求成功维度上得分均比女生和文科生显著高,但是女生在避免失败的得分上高于男生;③自我评价与成就动机各因子存在明显相关(r=0.246,P<0.01;0.134,P<0.05),成就动机对自我评价有显著地预测作用(R2=0.061,P<0.001;R2=0.018,P<0.05)。结论自我评价与成就动机有密切的关系,成就动机对自我评价有显著预测作用。

Relationship between Achievement Motivation and Sel f-evaluation of Undergraduates

Objective To explore the relationship between achievement motivation and self-evaluation of undergraduates.Methods A total of 265 colleges from Linyi were measured by PEI and AMS.Results ①In the aspect of self-evaluation,there were great differences in gender,subject and grade respectively（F=2.230,2.76,3.784;P〈0.05）.Scores of male students and students majored in science were higher than female students and students majored in art.There were also great differences between freshman and junior and between sophomore and senior.②In the aspect of achievement motivation,there were significant distinctions among the factors of gender in the case of pursuing for success and avoiding failure（F=3.176,P〈0.01;F=-1.759,P〈0.05）,and among factor of subject in the case of pursuing for success（F=2.853,P〈0.01）.Male students and science students’ scores of pursuing success were higher than female students and art students’,but female students’ scores of avoiding default were higher than male’s.③Self-evaluation was obviously related to achievement motivation（r=0.246,P〈0.01;0.134,P〈0.05）.Achievement motivation played an important role in predicting one’s self-evaluation（R2=0.061,P〈0.001;R2=0.018,P〈0.05）.Conclusion Achievement motivation is closely related to self-evaluation,and can predict self-evaluation.